三亚湾潮上带和潮间带微塑料的时空变化特征  

Spatial and temporal characteristics of microplastics in the supratidal and intertidal zones of Sanya Bay

作　　者：王昭允 刘汉劲 王艳艳 姚世强 刘行 石晓然 韩玉 董文静 张义敏 WANG Zhaoyun;LIU Hanjin;WANG Yanyan;YAO Shiqiang;LIU Xing;SHI Xiaoran;HAN Yu;DONG Wenjing;ZHANG Yimin(College of Marine Science and Technology,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya Hainan 572022;Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute of Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya Hainan 572025)

机构地区：[1]海南热带海洋学院海洋科学技术学院,海南三亚572022 [2]海南热带海洋学院崖州湾创新研究院,海南三亚572025

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第4期71-76,I0004,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2021YFF0704005);海南省自然科学基金资助项目(No.421QN265、No.2021JJLH0022、No.422QN327);海南热带海洋学院人才引进研究项目(No.RHDRC202120)。

摘　　要：为探究三亚湾滩涂微塑料的污染情况,选取了三亚湾滩涂上的9个站位,系统分析三亚湾潮滩微塑料丰度、粒径、形状和颜色分布特征。结果表明,三亚湾潮滩夏季和冬季微塑料平均丰度分别为54.92、66.08个/kg。潮上带的微塑料年平均丰度(79.83个/kg)高于潮间带(41.17个/kg)。夏季微塑料丰度在中段大于东西两段,而冬季则是东段大于西段和中段。三亚湾夏季和冬季的微塑料粒径在>0.10~0.50 mm范围占比最高。三亚湾沉积物样品中存在纤维状、碎片状和泡沫状3种形状的微塑料,其中纤维状微塑料所占比例最大。样品中检测到7种颜色的微塑料:红色、蓝色、黑色、透明、绿色、紫色和橙色,其中透明微塑料占比较高。In order to investigate the pollution of microplastics on the beaches of Sanya Bay,nine sites were selected to systematically analyze the distribution characteristics of microplastic abundance,particle size,shape and color on the tidal flats of Sanya Bay.The results showed that the average abundance in summer and winter was 54.92 and 66.08 n/kg,respectively.The abundance of microplastics in the supratidal zone(79.83 n/kg)was higher than that in the intertidal zone(41.17 n/kg).The abundance of microplastics in the central part of Sanya Bay was higher than that in the western and eastern parts in summer,while in winter,the eastern part had a greater abundance than the western and central parts.The microplastic particle size in Sanya Bay was dominated by>0.10-0.50 mm in both summer and winter.Three shapes of microplastics,fibrous,fragmented and foamy,were prevalent in the sediment samples from Sanya Bay,with fibrous microplastics accounting for the largest proportion.Seven colors of microplastics were detected in the samples,including red,blue,black,transparent,green,purple and orange.Transparent microplastics had a relatively high proportion.

关 键 词：微塑料 三亚湾 丰度 粒径 形状 颜色 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]