湖库蓝藻藻华防治原理及原位防治技术研究进展  

Principles and progress of technologies of in situ prevention and treatment of cyanobacterial blooms in lakes and reservoirs

作　　者：文鑫茹 张立秋[1] 封莉[1] WEN Xinru;ZHANG Liqiu;FENG Li(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,污染水体源控制与生态修复技术北京市高等学校工程研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2025年第4期120-128,I0007,共10页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.42177051、No.41977317)。

摘　　要：受水体富营养化和气候变暖持续影响,湖库蓝藻藻华问题对人类社会的可持续发展和用水安全构成了严重威胁。根据藻类生长特性分析藻华防治原理,结合国内外典型治理案例总结了常见湖库原位控藻技术的发展现状和优劣,提出了相关技术发展的主要方向。蓝藻藻华治理需要实现技术完善、革新与综合运用。一方面,防控治理是一项长期的系统工程,需要针对不同水体条件制定预防、应急、维稳的一体化策略,以实现湖库长期控藻与水质改善的目标;另一方面,开发绿色经济、高效稳定的藻华治理技术是原位防治的重要发展方向之一,其中化感物质缓释微球技术作为一项生态友好型治理技术具有广阔的应用前景,应加快实际应用转化,推动解决湖库藻华治理难题。The escalating impact of water body eutrophication and climate warming has accelerated the prevalence of cyanobacterial blooms in lakes and reservoirs,posing a significant threat to both sustainable development of human society and water security.According to the analysis of the prevention and control principle of algal bloom based on the growth characteristics of algae,the development status,advantages and disadvantages of common lake and reservoir in situ algae control technology were summarized,and the key development direction of pertinent technology was put forward.The improvement of cyanobacteria bloom prevention and treatment needs to achieve technical improvement,innovation and comprehensive application.On the one hand,prevention,control and treatment is a long-term systematic project,which requires the formulation of integrated strategies for prevention,emergency response and stability maintenance according to different water body conditions,so as to achieve the goal of long-term algae control and water quality improvement in lakes and reservoirs.On the other hand,the development of green economy,efficient and stable algal bloom control technology is one of the important development directions of in situ prevention and control.Among them,allelopathic substance controlled release microsphere technology,as an eco-friendly prevention and treatment technology,has a broad application prospect,and its practical application transformation should be accelerated to promote the solution of algal bloom prevention and treatment problems in lakes and reservoirs.

关 键 词：湖库 蓝藻藻华 原位 防治技术 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]