枝干轮纹病对苹果树体矿质营养的影响  

Effect of branch ring rot on mineral nutrient elements of apple trees

作　　者：李砚竹 李婷爱 张林尧 戴蓬博 胡同乐[1] 曹克强[1] LI Yanzhu;LI Tingai;ZHANG Linyao;DAI Pengbo;HU Tongle;CAO Keqiang(College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2025年第2期155-162,共8页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27);河北省自然科学青年基金(C2022204186)。

摘　　要：为了明确枝干轮纹病对苹果树体矿质营养元素的影响,采用微量凯氏定氮法、火焰光度计法、钒钼黄比色法、甲亚胺-H酸法、原子吸收分光光度法对健康植株和发生轮纹病植株叶片组织中11种常见矿质营养元素的含量进行了检测,初步发现钾、锰、锌3种矿质元素含量在健康树和发病树间的叶片中具有显著差异(P<0.05)。进一步比较了健康植株和不同发病等级植株间的枝条和叶片中3种矿质元素的含量变化趋势,发现枝干轮纹病发病等级越高的果树,枝条和叶片中的钾元素含量越低,锰元素含量越高。进而在重病果园中测量了健康树和患病树的主干、侧枝和叶片的钾、锰含量,发现健康树的主干、侧枝和叶片中钾含量均显著高于患病树,而锰含量均显著低于患病树(P<0.05),其中,健康树主干、侧枝和叶片中的钾含量分别是发病树主干、侧枝和叶片中钾含量的15.5倍、4.5倍和2.4倍;发病树主干、侧枝和叶片中的锰含量分别是健康主干、侧枝和叶片中锰含量的4.4倍、7.0倍和6.7倍。本研究说明了枝干轮纹病会引起树体钾元素缺乏,锰元素含量过度积累。In order to clarify the effect of branch ring rot disease on mineral nutrients in apple trees,the contents of 11 common mineral nutrients in the leaves of healthy plants and plants with ring rot were detected by micro Kjeldahl method,flame photometer method,vanadium molybdenum yellow colorimetric method,methylimine-H acid method and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.It was found that the contents of potassium,manganese and zinc in the leaves of healthy and diseased trees were significantly different(P<0.05).The contents of three mineral elements in branches and leaves of healthy plants and plants with different disease grades were further compared,and the results showed that the higher the incidence of branch ring rot,the lower the content of potassium in branches and leaves,and the higher the content of manganese.The contents of potassium and manganese in the trunk,lateral branches,and leaves of healthy trees and diseased trees were further measured in severely diseased orchards.The contents of potassium in the trunk,lateral branches,and leaves of healthy trees were significantly higher than those of diseased trees,while the contents of manganese were significantly lower than those of diseased trees(P<0.05).The potassium content in the trunk,branches,and leaves of the healthy tree was 15.5 times,4.5 times,and 2.4 times of the potassium content in the trunk,branches,and leaves of the diseased tree,respectively.The manganese content in the trunk,lateral branches,and leaves of the diseased tree were 4.4 times,7.0 times,and 6.7 times that of the manganese content in the trunk,branches,and leaves of the healthy tree,respectively.This study showed that branch ring rot could cause potassium deficiency and excessive accumulation of manganese content.

关 键 词：苹果树 枝干轮纹病 矿质营养 钾元素 锰元素 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]