生物法协同净化养殖场CH_(4)与高氨氮废水及生物强化效果研究  

Synergistic purification of CH_(4)and high-ammonia nitrogen wastewater from livestock farms using biological methods and the effect of bioaugmentation

作　　者：李响 刘臻岳 李雨晴 冯曼 梁学优 陈苗苗 高志岭 刘春敬 范玉婧 LI Xiang;LIU Zhenyue;LI Yuqing;FENG Man;LIANG Xueyou;CHEN Miaomiao;GAO Zhiling;LIU Chunjing;FAN Yujing(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Environment,Baoding 071000,China;Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Environmental Monitoring Station,Bayannur Branch,Bayannur 015000,China;Chengde Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Chengde 067645,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]内蒙古自治区环境监测总站巴彦淖尔分站,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000 [3]承德市农林科学院,河北承德067645

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2025年第2期172-181,共10页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(No.2022204029);河北省重点研发计划(22327306D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项资金项目(278)。

摘　　要：畜禽养殖场粪污管理是大气甲烷(CH_(4))的一个重要人为排放源,而利用甲烷氧化菌的氧化作用,是有效控制这一排放的有效策略。甲烷氧化菌的生长依赖于外部氮源的供给,而养殖场废水作为一种高浓度含氮废水,具有作为生物除CH_(4)过程中氮源的巨大潜力。因此,探索一种能够同时净化畜禽养殖场CH_(4)排放和养殖废水的生物技术路径显得尤为重要。本研究运行2座生物滴滤塔(以无机盐培养基为液相的BTF1和以模拟养殖废水为液相的BTF2),验证了其在协同净化畜禽养殖场模拟含CH_(4)废气和废水方面的效果。结果表明BTF2在净化养殖场CH_(4)和废水方面表现出一定的效果,其对废气中CH_(4)的去除率达到54%,对废水中总氮(TN)和铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)的去除率分别为33%和43%,但这些指标均略低于对照。为了进一步提高净化效率,采用甲烷氧化菌Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b和好氧反硝化菌Paracoccus pantotorphus ATCC 35512组成的混合菌群对生物滴滤塔进行强化。显著提升了2座生物滴滤塔的性能,其中CH_(4)去除效率均提高至99%以上,同时对废水中TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和COD的去除效率也大幅提高至90%以上。本研究成果不仅为畜禽养殖领域含CH_(4)废气和养殖废水的协同净化提供了切实可行的技术方案,还为推动畜禽养殖场温室气体减排、维护生态环境安全做出了积极贡献,具有重要的实践意义和环保价值。Livestock and poultry farming waste management represents a significant anthropogenic source of atmospheric methane(CH_(4))emissions,and the oxidation process facilitated by methanotrophic bacteria offers an effective strategy to control these emissions.The growth of methanotrophic bacteria relies on the availability of external nitrogen sources,making wastewater from livestock farms,which is rich in nitrogen,a potential candidate for serving as a nitrogen source in biological CH_(4)removal processes.Hence,the exploration of a biological technology pathway that can simultaneously purify CH_(4)emissions and wastewater from livestock farms is of utmost importance.In this study,two biofilters(BTF1 with inorganic salt medium as the liquid phase and BTF2 with simulated livestock wastewater as the liquid phase)were operated to verify their effectiveness in the simultaneous purification of simulated CH_(4)containing exhaust gas and wastewater from livestock farms.The results indicated that BTF2 demonstrated certain effectiveness in purifying CH_(4)and wastewater from livestock farms,achieving a removal efficiency of 54%for CH_(4)in exhaust gas and 33%and 43%for total nitrogen(TN)and ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)in wastewater,respectively.However,these indicators were slightly lower than those of the control group.To further enhance purification efficiency,a mixed bacterial consortium consisting of Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b and Paracoccus pantotorphus ATCC 35512 was employed to strengthen the biofilters.This significantly improved the performance of both biofilters,with CH_(4)removal efficiencies increasing to above 99%and removal efficiencies for TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N,and COD in wastewater also substantially increasing to above 90%.The findings of this study not only provide a practical technical solution for the simultaneous purification of CH_(4)containing exhaust gas and wastewater in livestock farming,but also make positive contributions to promoting greenhouse gas emissions reduction and safeguarding ecological e

关 键 词：生物滴滤 CH_(4) 养殖废水 协同净化 生物强化 

分 类 号：X[环境科学与工程]