转向架端部悬挂结构振动疲劳评估及优化  

Vibration Fatigue Assessment and Optimization Verification of The Suspension Structure of Bogie

作　　者：姜春龙 于春洋 程亚军 张晓松 JIANG Chunlong;YU Chunyang;CHENG Yajun;ZHANG Xiaosong(CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130113,China)

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130113

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2025年第2期66-74,共9页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：中国中车股份有限公司重大科技研究开发计划项目(2023CCB172)。

摘　　要：针对某地铁转向架端部悬挂轮缘润滑及踏面清扫支架在服役过程中焊缝位置出现裂纹的情况,对其随机振动疲劳问题展开研究。依据IEC61373:2010标准载荷谱,采用Dirlik概率密度函数模型和Miner线性疲劳损伤准则对断裂焊缝进行振动疲劳评估,得到最大累计损伤为0.131,满足标准振动载荷要求。对实际线路条件下转向架端部振动信号进行分析可知:多区段存在55Hz的振动主频,结构前2阶模态与构架端部振动主频耦合是造成焊缝疲劳失效的主要原因。考虑激励的非高斯特性,采用Lalanne疲劳损伤谱方法合成加速度功率谱,对失效焊缝进行基于线路谱的单轴频域疲劳校核,得到失效焊缝在线路激励条件下30万km累计损伤为1.33,与实际失效里程较为吻合。以线路载荷为边界条件,结合振动能量频域分布特点,基于提升结构模态和降低疲劳损伤目标完成结构优化设计及动应力验证,使结构满足现行线路条件下360万km的设计寿命要求。The research was conducted on the vibration fatigue problem of the flange lubrication and tread cleaning bracket of the bogie,which caused cracks at the weld position during service.According to the IEC 61373:2010,the Dirlik function and Miner linear fatigue damage criterion were used to evaluate the vibration fatigue of fractured welds,verifying that its strength meets the standard requirements with damage 0.131.By analyzing the vibration signals of actual line conditions,the primary vibration frequency is around 55 Hz in the multiple range.The coupling between the structure's first two modes and the frame end's main vibration frequency is the leading cause of fatigue failure.Considering the non-Gaussian characteristics of excitation,the PSD by Lalanne fatigue damage spectrum synthesis was used to perform uniaxial frequency fatigue verification on failed welds.It was found that the cumulative damage of the failed welds under line excitation conditions was 1.33 for 300000 kilometers,which is consistent with the actual failure mileage.Taking the line vibration as the boundary condition and combining it with the frequency domain distribution characteristics of vibration energy,the structural optimization design and dynamic stress verification were completed based on the goal of improving structural mode and reducing fatigue damage,ensuring that the structure meets the design life of 3.6 million kilometers under current line conditions.

关 键 词：悬挂结构 模态频响 疲劳损伤谱 随机振动疲劳 结构优化 

分 类 号：U270.2[机械工程—车辆工程]