Genetic advancements and future directions in ruminant livestock breeding:from reference genomes to multiomics innovations  

作　　者：Songsong Xu Zhanerke Akhatayeva Jiaxin Liu Xueyan Feng Yi Yu Bouabid Badaoui Ali Esmailizadeh Juha Kantanen Marcel Amills Johannes A.Lenstra Anna M.Johansson David W.Coltman George E.Liu Ino Curik Pablo Orozco-terWengel Samuel R.Paiva Natalia A.Zinovieva Linwei Zhang Ji Yang Zhihong Liu Yachun Wang Ying Yu Menghua Li 

机构地区：[1]Frontiers ScienceCenterfor MolecularDesign Breeding(MOE),State Key Laboratoryof Animal Biotech Breeding,Collegeof Animal Science andTechnology,China Agricultural University,Bejing 100193 China [2]Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot 010010,China [3]Laboratory of Biodiversity,Ecology and Genome,Department of Biology,Faculty of Sciences Rabat,Mohammed V University,Rabat 10106,Morocco [4]Department of Animal Science,Faculty of Agriculture,Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman,Kerman 76169-133,Iran [5]Production Systems,Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke),Jokioinen Fl-31600,Finland [6]Department of Animal Genetics,Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG),CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB,Campus de la Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,Belatera 08193,Spain [7]Departament de Ciencia Animal i dels Aliments,Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona,Bellaterra 08193,Spain [8]Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,Utrecht University,Utrecht 3584,the Netherlands [9]Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science,Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences,Uppsala 75007,Sweden [10]Department of Biological Sciences,University of Alberta,Edmonton,Alberta T6G 2E9,Canada [11]Department of Biology,Western University,London,Ontario N6A 5B7,Canada [12]Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory,BARC,USDA-ARS,Beltsvil,MD 20705,USA [13]Department of Animal Science,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Zagreb,Zagreb 10000,Croatia [14]nstitute of Animal Sciences,Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences(MATE),Kaposvar 7400,Hungary [15]School of Biosciences,Cardiff University,Cardiff CF103AX,UK [16]Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology,Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Brasilia,Federal District 70770917,Brazil [17]L.K.Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry,Moscow Region,Podolsk 142132,Russian Federation [18]Department of Neurology,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China [19]College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural Univ

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2025年第4期934-960,共27页中国科学(生命科学英文版)

基　　金：supported by the Project of Northern Agriculture and Livestock Husbandry Technology Innovation Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(BFGJ2022002);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200900,2023YFF1001003,and 2023YFF1000900);Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0407106);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102511,31661143014,31972527,32320103006,and 32272845);Chinese Universities Scientific Fund(2024TC162);National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2023-NHLHCRF-YXHZ-TJMS-09)。

摘　　要：Ruminant livestock provide a rich source of products,such as meat,milk,and wool,and play a critical role in global food security and nutrition.Over the past few decades,genomic studies of ruminant livestock have provided valuable insights into their domestication and the genetic basis of economically important traits,facilitating the breeding of elite varieties.In this review,we summarize the main advancements for domestic ruminants in reference genome assemblies,population genomics,and the identification of functional genes or variants for phenotypic traits.These traits include meat and carcass quality,reproduction,milk production,feed efficiency,wool and cashmere yield,horn development,tail type,coat color,environmental adaptation,and disease resistance.Functional genomic research is entering a new era with the advancements of graphical pangenomics and telomere-to-telomere(T2T)gap-free genome assembly.These advancements promise to improve our understanding of domestication and the molecular mechanisms underlying economically important traits in ruminant livestock.Finally,we provide new perspectives and future directions for genomic research on ruminant genomes.We suggest how ever-increasing multiomics datasets will facilitate future studies and molecular breeding in livestock,including the potential to uncover novel genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic traits,to enable more accurate genomic prediction models,and to accelerate genetic improvement programs.

关 键 词：ruminant livestock GENOMICS DOMESTICATION genetic improvement 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]