Population genomics advances in frontier ethnic minorities in China  

作　　者：Hao Chen Shuhua Xu 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Computational Biology,Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China [2]Center for Evolutionary Biology,School of Life Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2025年第4期961-973,共13页中国科学(生命科学英文版)

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2605400);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030020,32288101);the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Program(23JS1410100);the Office of Global Partnerships(Key Projects Development Fund)。

摘　　要：China,with its large geographic span,possesses rich genetic diversity across vast frontier regions in addition to the Han Chinese majority.Importantly,demographic events and various natural and cultural environments in Chinese frontier regions have shaped the genomic diversity of ethnic minorities via local adaptations.Thus,insights into the genetic diversity and adaptive evolution of these underrepresented ethnic groups are crucial for understanding evolutionary scenarios and biomedical implications in East Asian populations.Here,we focus on ethnic minorities in Chinese frontier regions and review research advances regarding genomic diversity,genetic structure,population history,genetic admixture,and local adaptation.We first provide an overview of the extensive genetic diversity across populations in different Chinese frontier regions.Next,we summarize research progress regarding genetic ancestry,demographic history,the adaptive process,and the archaic identification of multiple ethnic minorities in different Chinese frontier regions.Finally,we discuss the gaps and opportunities in genomic studies of Chinese populations and the need for a more comprehensive understanding of genomic diversity and the evolution of populations of East Asian ancestry in the post-genomic era.

关 键 词：Chinese populations ethnic minorities genetic diversity local adaptation East Asian ancestry 

分 类 号：Q987[生物学—遗传学]