伞状竹结构设计方法与技术策略研究  

Design Methods and Technological Strategies of Umbrella Bamboo Structures

作　　者：黄昱铭 赵亚敏 辛善超[1] HUANG Yuming;ZHAO Yamin;XIN Shanchao

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]重庆大学建筑城规学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2025年第4期25-36,共12页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52038007):基于中华语境“建筑-人-环境”融贯机制的当代营建体系重构研究;天津市科技计划项目(20JCQNJC01630):基于系统模块化分析的建筑“设计与建造”方法优化研究;中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2023M730410):基于循环建造机制的地震多发山地木构农宅改造设计方法——以川渝为例。

摘　　要：伞状竹结构以其轻盈、多元的结构形态广受建筑师青睐。首先基于文献研究阐释伞状结构在竹构领域的应用背景;继而从结构塑型角度归纳出伞状竹结构的两种类型:悬臂型与支承型。结合量化分析与可视化模拟总结两种结构类型的应力特征;最后提炼出悬臂型和支承型竹伞的组构策略,并针对其建构特性与细部策略进行详细阐述,以期为我国当下竹结构设计有所裨益。Bamboo,a renewable green building material,has the advantages of rapid growth,high strength,and plasticity.The umbrella-shaped structure is a common bamboo structure because it can fully express the natural aesthetics of bamboo.Two types of umbrella-shaped bamboo structures,namely the"cantilevered type"and"supported type",were extracted through graphical analysis,structural performance analysis,design derivation,and other methods.(1)Cantilevered type.This is in the shape of an inverted cone,and its structure has the following characteristics:the stress of the component is mainly concentrated at the node on the top of the bamboo umbrella,the annular component weakens the stress of the cantilever arch,and the deformation of the structure gradually increases from the bottom to the top,limiting the cantilever span.The structural strategy has two methods:truss type and branch type.The truss type uses triangular or square lattice units to form an umbrella-shaped structure,which is suitable for smaller-scale bamboo umbrellas.The branch type forms a complex umbrella-shaped structure by combining straight columns and curved arches,which is suitable for larger-scale bamboo umbrellas.The design of key nodes includes mortise-tenon connections and hemp-rope binding to ensure the stable connection of multiple types and multi-directional rods.Owing to the limited bearing capacity of a single cantilever bamboo umbrella,it is necessary to improve the structural stability through cluster combination,which is suitable for smaller-scale buildings.Clustered umbrella groups usually have proportional modules,and a modular system can be introduced into the design and construction process.(2)Supported type.This is shaped like a straw hat,and its structural characteristics are introduced as follows:the load is transferred from the roof to the ring beam,and then to the central and the surrounding columns.Furthermore,the boundary can be grounded by bamboo beams or additional side columns,which affects the vertical height and plane scale of

关 键 词：伞状竹结构 悬臂型 支承型 设计 建造 

分 类 号：TU-80[艺术—艺术设计]