聚丙烯酰胺接枝聚合物/黄原胶气溶胶固定剂制备及其对碲气溶胶的捕获固定研究  

Preparation of polyacrylamide-grafted polymer/xanthan gum aerosol immobilizers and their immobilization for tellurium aerosol capture studies

作　　者：蒋丹枫 宋国华 李雪菲 苏兴东 詹杰 肖梦情 李银涛[3] JIANG Danfeng;SONG Guohua;LI Xuefei;SU Xingdong;ZHAN Jie;XIAO Mengqing;LI Yintao(China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute,Shenzhen 518028,China;China General Nuclear Power Group,Shenzhen 518000,China;State Key Laboratory for Environment-friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中广核研究院有限公司,深圳518028 [2]中国广核集团有限公司,深圳518000 [3]西南科技大学环境友好能源国家重点实验室,绵阳621000

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2025年第2期41-49,共9页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

摘　　要：捕获固定去除在铅铋冷却剂正常运行时产生的钋放射性气溶胶具有重要意义。本研究在接枝聚合物聚丙烯酰胺接枝丙烯酸、丙烯酸羟乙酯(PAM-g-PAA/PHEA)的基础上复合黄原胶(XG)制备一种润湿性好和高捕获固定性能的气溶胶固定剂。通过红外光谱、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜研究并证实了气溶胶固定剂的结构;通过热重、接触角和固定沉降方法研究了气溶胶固定剂的热性能、润湿性和对碲(模拟钋)气溶胶的捕获固定效果。结果表明:PAM-g-PAA/PHEA与XG通过氢键协同作用构成双网络结构,气溶胶固定剂的热性能、润湿性和固定性能有所提高。最佳XG含量为0.05%时,气溶胶固定剂80 s内完全浸润碲粉,其沉降固定率可达99.24%,为钋放射性气溶胶的捕获固定提供了技术支撑。Radioactive aerosols(polonium and polonium compounds)generated during the normal operation of lead-bismuth coolants are extremely toxic and radioactive,thus rendering them detrimental to the operation staff and environment.Thus,radioactive polonium aerosols generated during polonium removal must be captured and immobilized.In this study,an aerosol fixative with desirable wettability and capture fixation properties was prepared using compounding xanthan gum(XG)with a grafted polymer polyacrylamide grafted acrylic acid,2-hydroxyethyl acrylate(PAM-g-PAA/PHEA),and a polyacrylamide-based material was used for the substrate.The structure of the aerosol fixative was analyzed and confirmed via infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,and scanning electron microscopy.The thermal properties,wettability,as well as capture and fixation effects of tellurium(simulated polonium)aerosols were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis,contact-angle measurements,and fixedsedimentation experiments.The results showed that PAM-g-PAA/PHEA and XG synergistically formed a dualnetwork structure through hydrogen bonding and that the thermal,wettability,and immobilization properties of the aerosol fixative improved.The optimal addition amount of XG was determined to be 0.05%based on the results of sedimentation experiments,wettability,and fixation rate.At this optimal amount,the aerosol fixing agent exerts the greatest effect on the hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces of tellurium powder.The lowest contact angle is 38.38°,and the tellurium powder infiltrated completely within 80 s.Based on the mass-concentration change,the sedimentation fixation rate is 99.24%,which indicates that atomization fixation is suitable for capturing and fixing radioactive aerosols.The small droplets atomized by the aerosol fixing agent in this study rapidly deposited aerosols,followed by continuous capture and fixation.The results of batch fixed sedimentation verify that this type of aerosol fixing agent is suitable for the capture and fixation of tellurium

关 键 词：黄原胶 双网络 捕获固定 润湿性 固定率 

分 类 号：TL941.2[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]