核电站液态流出物氚减排方案设计  

Design of tritium reduction scheme for liquid effluents of nuclear power plants

作　　者：王君妍 高娇 陈超 WANG Junyan;GAO Jiao;CHEN Chao(Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,绵阳621999

出　　处：《辐射研究与辐射工艺学报》2025年第2期108-117,共10页Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22209159)资助。

摘　　要：随着核电在中国能源结构中地位的不断提升,核电厂液态流出物中的氚减排问题已成为核电发展过程中必须解决的关键问题。分析现有的氚水处理技术,针对核电厂液态流出物中氚浓度低且流出量大的特点,以及高减容因子和高安全、经济性要求,本研究提出了一种水精馏(WD)-联合电解催化交换(CECE)级联的氚减排工艺。结合国内主力堆型的液态流出物氚减排需求,进行了初步方案设计和能耗评估。结果表明,采用该设计方案后,核电厂液态流出物中的氚去污因子可达到20.4,氚物质的量减容倍数可达4857,显著提高了氚减排效率。该工艺方案为核电厂液态流出物的氚减排提供了有效的技术路线,并为氚减排系统的设计提供了有价值的参考。As nuclear power's role in China's energy structure continues to grow,the reduction of tritium in the liquid effluents of nuclear power plants has become a critical issue that must be addressed in the development of nuclear power.This study analyzes existing tritiated water treatment technologies and proposes a tritium reduction process using a water distillation(WD)-coupled electrolysis catalytic exchange(CECE)cascade,tailored to the characteristics of low tritium concentration and large effluent volumes in nuclear power plant liquid waste,as well as the high reduction factor and the stringent safety and economic requirements.Based on the tritium reduction needs of domestic major reactor types,a preliminary scheme design and energy consumption evaluation were conducted.The results showed that with this design, the tritium decontamination factor in the liquid effluents of nuclear powerplants can reach 20.4, and the tritium molar reduction factor can reach 4 857, significantly improving tritiumreduction efficiency. This process provides an effective technical solution for tritium reduction in nuclear powerplant liquid effluents and offers valuable insights for the design of tritium reduction systems.

关 键 词：氚减排 核电厂 含氚废水 水精馏 联合电解催化交换 

分 类 号：TL12[核科学技术—核能科学]