美国知识产权惩罚性赔偿制度及其启示  

The Punitive Compensation System of Intellectual Property Rights in the United States and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：王婧婧 WANG Jingjing(School of Law,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学法学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《西安石油大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期133-140,共8页Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学一般项目“公正司法视域下罚金刑自由裁量的边界与程序控制研究”(23YJC820051)。

摘　　要：美国是知识产权惩罚性赔偿制度的代表性国家,其知识产权制度是以填平原则为核心,以惩罚从事不法行为的侵权人以及弥补被侵权人的损失为目的的一种特殊的赔偿制度,是充分预防和威慑不法侵权行为的有效手段。目前我国已建立起知识产权惩罚性赔偿制度和体系,但在司法实践中,主观要件中含义不明、情节严重的考量因素不清、惩罚性赔偿金额倍数规则的自由裁量空间大等问题极大地制约了该制度的进一步发展和适用。因此,科学借鉴美国的法治经验,完善知识产权惩罚性赔偿案例指导制度以及设计科学的惩罚性赔偿额度,可作为我国知识产权惩罚性赔偿制度的完善方向。As a representative country of intellectual property punitive compensation system,the intellectual property system of the United States is a special compensation system with the principle of filling as the core and the purpose of punishing the infringe of illegal behavior and making up for the loss of the infringed,which is an effective means to fully prevent and deter illegal infringement.Although our country has established its own system of intellectual property punitive damages,in judicial practice,the further development and application of this system are restricted by the unclear meaning of subjective elements,unclear consideration factors for the seriousness of the circumstances,and large discretionary space of the punitive damages multiple rule.Therefore,drawing lessons from the legal experience of the United States,constructing a case guidance system of intellectual property punitive damages and designing a scientific amount of punitive damages should become the direction of improving our country's intellectual property punitive damages system.

关 键 词：知识产权保护 惩罚性赔偿 司法现状 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]