DNA甲基化在原发免疫性血小板减少症中的研究进展  

Advances of DNA methylation in primary immune thrombocytopenia

作　　者：苗玮玮 杨向东[1] 房丽君 郝征[2] 郭江水[1] 白康康 MIAO Weiwei;YANG Xiangdong;FANG Lijun;HAO Zheng;GUO Jiangshui;BAI Kangkang(First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,National Clinical Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Tianjin 300381,China;Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Innovative and Translational TCM Theory,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学第一附属医院,国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心,天津300381 [2]天津中医药大学,天津市中医理论创新转化重点实验室,天津301617

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2025年第4期1010-1015,共6页Chinese Journal of Immunology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(82104618);国家中医药管理局项目(GZY-KJS-2020-037)。

摘　　要：原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)是以无明显诱因的孤立性外周血血小板计数下降为主要特征的获得性自身免疫性出血性疾病,发病机制及病因尚不十分明确。目前诊断仍为排他性诊断,病因涉及免疫学、生物学、表观遗传学及环境因素等。近年随着分子生物学发展,表观遗传改变在免疫耐受失调和自身免疫性疾病中的认知被不断加深。DNA甲基化作为重要的表观遗传学修饰,目前已被证明参与ITP发病机制。异常的DNA甲基化引起机体内细胞异常增殖、分化、凋亡和免疫应答,诱发患者对自身血小板抗原免疫失耐受,导致免疫细胞异常激活,使血小板破坏过多或生成不足。因此,本文综述了DNA甲基化基因在ITP中的最新研究进展,为进一步恢复患者免疫耐受提供参考。Primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)is an acquired autoimmune hemorrhagic disease characterized by reduced isolated peripheral blood platelet counts for which pathogenesis and etiology are not well defined.Present diagnosis of ITP is to be excluding other diseases,whose pathogenesis generally involves multiple aspects of immunology,biology,epigenetics and environmental factors.Recognition of epigenetic alterations in dysregulation of immune tolerance and autoimmune diseases has been deepened in recent years with progress by molecular biology.DNA methylation,an important epigenetic modification,has been shown to play a role in pathogenesis of ITP.Abnormal DNA methylation leads to cellular abnormalities in proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis and immune response in body,induces immune intolerance to autologous platelet antigens in patients,resulting in abnormal activation of immune cells which makes excessive platelet destruction or insufficient platelet production.Therefore,this article reviews latest research progress of DNA methylation genes in ITP to provide a reference for further recovery of immune tolerance of patients.

关 键 词：原发免疫性血小板减少症 DNA甲基化 自身免疫 多态性 

分 类 号：R558.2[医药卫生—血液循环系统疾病] R394[医药卫生—内科学]