孕期砷暴露对胎盘血管发育相关因子的影响  

Effect of prenatal arsenic exposure on placental vascular development-related factors

作　　者：江静 谢艳 左旋 杨静 曾嵘 潘鸿 Jiang Jing;Xie Yan;Zuo Xuan;Yang Jing;Zeng Rong;Pan Hong(School of Public Health,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563006,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学公共卫生学院,贵州遵义563006

出　　处：《遵义医科大学学报》2025年第4期339-346,共8页Journal of Zunyi Medical University

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[NO:黔科合基础-ZK(2022)一般612];遵义医科大学研究生科研基金项目(NO:ZYK216);贵州省研究生科研基金项目(NO:2024YJSKYJJ329)。

摘　　要：目的初步探讨砷暴露对胎盘血管发育的影响。方法通过构建孕期SD大鼠砷染毒模型,设置低、中、高剂量亚砷酸钠(NaAsO_(2))暴露组及对照组,测定胚胎及胎盘形态特征、尿液和胎盘砷含量,并通过HE染色、实时荧光定量PCR、免疫组化和蛋白免疫印记等技术检测血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、胎盘生长因子(PLGF)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)等因子的mRNA、蛋白分布及其表达水平。结果随着NaAsO_(2)暴露剂量增加,胎盘及胚胎形态异常增加;尿液和胎盘中砷含量上升;海绵滋养层和迷路滋养层出现炎性细胞浸润、红细胞充盈增加及伴糖原细胞增多;VEGFA、PLGF和MMP-9的mRNA、蛋白分布及其表达水平显著下调(P<0.05)。结论NaAsO_(2)暴露可通过抑制胎盘血管生成相关因子的表达,影响胎盘血管发育及母胎支持系统的稳态,从而对胎儿生长发育产生不良影响。Objective To preliminarily explore the effect of arsenic exposure on placental vascular development.Methods An arsenic exposure model was established in pregnant SD rats using low(0.28 mg/kg),medium(1.4 mg/kg),and high(7 mg/kg)doses of sodium arsenite(NaAsO_(2))for 19 days,along with a control group.The morphological characteristics of the embryos and placenta,as well as arsenic content in urine and placenta,were measured.Additionally,mRNA,protein distribution,and expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA),placental growth factor(PLGF),and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)were detected using HE staining,real-time quantitative PCR,immunohistochemistry,and Western blot techniques.Results As the NaAsO_(2) exposure dose increased,abnormalities in the morphology of the placenta and embryos increased.Arsenic was elevated in the urine and placenta.Inflammatory cell infiltration,increased erythrocyte filling,and glycogen cell proliferation were observed in the spongiotrophoblast and labyrinth trophoblast layers.The mRNA and protein distribution and expression levels of VEGFA,PLGF,and MMP-9 were significantly downregulated(P<0.05).Conclusion NaAsO_(2) exposure can inhibit the expression of placental angiogenesis-related factors,affecting placental vascular development and the stability of the maternal-fetal support system,thereby having an adverse impact on fetal growth and development.

关 键 词：孕期暴露 砷 胎盘 血管发育 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]