土贝母皂苷丙纳米乳的构建及其佐剂效应评价  

Preparation of tubeimosideⅢnanoemulsion and evaluation of its adjuvant effect

作　　者：魏静 刘姝琳[2] 叶演 徐铭琦 宋振 邓炎 孙红武 马雷[1,3] 李海波[2] WEI Jing;LIU Shulin;YE Yan;XU Mingqi;SONG Zhen;DENG Yan;SUN Hongwu;MA Lei;LI Haibo(School of Clinical Medicine,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang;Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry Pharmacy,National Engineering Research Center for Immunobiological Products,Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing;Department of Laboratory Medicine,Chenjiaqiao Hospital of Shapingba District,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学临床医学院,黑龙江佳木斯 [2]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)药学与检验医学系微生物与生化药学教研室,国家免疫生物制品工程技术研究中心,重庆 [3]重庆市沙坪坝区陈家桥医院检验科,重庆

出　　处：《陆军军医大学学报》2025年第8期784-793,共10页Journal of Army Medical University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2302603);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32270988)。

摘　　要：目的 制备土贝母皂苷丙纳米乳(tubeimoside Ⅲ nanoemulsion,TBMⅢ-NE),并评价其疫苗佐剂效应。方法 利用低能乳化法制备TBMⅢ-NE,采用动态光散射法表征TBMⅢ-NE的粒径和平均分散系数,透射电镜观察TBMⅢ-NE的形态,CCK-8法检测TBMⅢ-NE对骨髓来源的树突状细胞(bone marrow-derived dendritic cells,BMDCs)的细胞毒性;红细胞溶血实验评价TBMⅢ-NE的体外安全性;激光共聚焦显微镜观察TBMⅢ-NE促进DC2.4对抗原的吞噬作用;TBMⅢ-NE与BMDCs共孵育后,利用流式细胞术检测BMDCs表面CD40、CD86、MHC-Ⅰ和CCR7的表达水平,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测BMDCs上清中细胞因子的表达水平;新冠病毒抗原RBD与TBMⅢ-NE联用免疫小鼠,ELISA测定小鼠血清中特异性IgG、IgG2a、IgG1抗体水平,酶联免疫斑点(ELISpot)法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞中特异性分泌γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的细胞数量。结果 制备的空白纳米乳(blank nanoemulsion,BNE)和TBMⅢ-NE的平均粒径分别为25.46 nm和25.89 nm,平均多分散系数分别为0.214和0.125,透射电镜观察TBMⅢ-NE呈均匀“球型”且分散性良好;当TBMⅢ-NE佐剂稀释400倍时,BMDCs存活率约为86%;与游离土贝母皂苷丙(TBMⅢ)相比,TBMⅢ-NE的溶血毒性显著降低(P<0.01);TBMⅢ-NE可促进DC2.4对抗原的吞噬,并显著提高BMDCs表面CCR7的表达水平(P<0.05),具有促进树突状细胞向淋巴结迁移的潜力;TBMⅢ-NE还可促进BMDCs培养上清中IL-6和IL-1β的表达(P<0.05);与RBD联用,TBMⅢ-NE可显著提升小鼠血清中特异性IgG、IgG2a、IgG1抗体的水平(P<0.01),并促进脾淋巴细胞中特异性IFN-γ的分泌(P<0.01),提示TBMⅢ-NE可以增强特异性T细胞免疫应答。结论 成功构建出质量稳定、具有高效诱导体液和细胞免疫应答的TBMⅢ-NE。Objective To prepare tubeimosideⅢnanoemulsion(TBMⅢ-NE)and evaluate its adjuvant effect in vaccines.Methods TBMⅢ-NE was prepared using low-energy emulsification.Dynamic light scattering was used to characterize the particle size and polydispersity index of the obtained TBMⅢ-NE,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was employed to observe the morphology.CCK-8 assay was utilized to determine the cytotoxicity of TBMⅢ-NE on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDCs).The in vitro safety of TBMⅢ-NE was evaluated using a hemolysis assay.The ability of TBMⅢ-NE to promote the phagocytosis of antigens by DC2.4 cells was observed using confocal laser microscopy.After co-incubation of TBMⅢ-NE with BMDCs,the expression levels of CD40,CD86,MHC-Ⅰ,and CCR7 on the surface of BMDCs were detected using flow cytometry,and the levels of cytokines in the supernatant of BMDCs were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).After female BALB/c mice were immunized with the SARS-CoV-2 antigen RBD in combination with TBMⅢ-NE,ELISA was conducted to determine the serum levels of specific IgG,IgG2a,and IgG1 antibodies.The number of specific IFN-γ-secreting cells in mouse splenocytes was detected using enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISpot)assay.Results The prepared blank nanoemulsion(BNE)and TBMⅢ-NE were in a particle size of 25.46 and 25.89 nm,and a polydispersity index of 0.214 and 0.125,respectively.TEM displayed that TBMⅢ-NE was in uniform sphere and well dispersed.When the TBMⅢ-NE adjuvant was diluted by 400-fold,the survival rate of BMDCs was approximately 86%.Compared with free TBMⅢ,the hemolytic toxicity of TBMⅢ-NE was significantly reduced(P<0.01).TBMⅢ-NE promoted the phagocytosis of antigens by DC2.4 cells and significantly increased the expression of CCR7 on the surface of BMDCs(P<0.05),indicating its potential to promote more dendritic cells to effectively migrate to lymph nodes.TBMⅢ-NE also promoted the expression of IL-6 and IL-1βin the supernatant of BMDCs(P<0.05).When combined with

关 键 词：土贝母皂苷丙 纳米乳 疫苗佐剂 免疫效应 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学] R944.9[医药卫生—中医学] R969.2