某汽车前副车架结构优化设计  

Optimization design of the front subframe structure of a certain automobile

作　　者：王成龙 张兰春 朱剑峰 WANG Chenglong;ZHANG Lanchun;ZHU Jianfeng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangsu Institute of Technology,Changzhou 213001,China;Shanghai Jingyan Automobile Engineering Technology Co.,LTD,Shanghai 200331,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院机械工程学院,江苏常州213001 [2]上海京彦汽车工程技术有限公司,上海200331

出　　处：《江苏理工学院学报》2025年第1期58-68,共11页Journal of Jiangsu University of Technology

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目“混合动力双带式全电调节CVT传动效率优化及匹配控制策略研究”(22kJA58002)。

摘　　要：针对传统副车架结构优化设计方法开发周期长、盲目性大的问题,文章以某汽车前副车架为研究对象,结合拓扑优化与尺寸优化方法,实现其轻量化设计。首先,基于变密度法,以单元密度值为设计变量,以安装点刚度、设计区域体积分数及加权柔度为优化响应,以安装点静态位移值和设计区域体积分数为约束条件,以结构加权柔度最小化为目标,对前副车架进行拓扑优化。然后,在拓扑优化结果的基础上,以前副车架主要7个部件的厚度为设计变量,以体积最小化为目标,进行尺寸优化。优化后共减重3.04 kg,轻量化率达10.8%。最后,进一步结合制造工艺与加工要求,对前副车架进行结构重新设计,并对新设计的前副车架进行刚度与模态分析验证。结果表明:优化后的前副车架在满足结构性能要求的同时,成功实现了轻量化设计,验证了该优化方法在副车架结构设计中的可行性与有效性。Aiming at the problems of long development period and high blindness of traditional subframe structure optimization design methods,this paper takes the front subframe of a certain automobile as the research object,and combines topology optimization and size optimization methods to achieve its lightweight design.Firstly,based on the variable density method,with the unit density value as the design variable,the stiffness of the installation point,the volume fraction of the design area,and the weighted flexibility as the optimization response,the static displacement value of the installation point and the volume fraction of the design area as the constraint conditions,and the objective of minimizing the weighted flexibility of the structure,the topology of the front subframe is optimized.Subsequently,based on the topology optimization results,the thickness of the seven main components of the previous subframe is used as the design variable,and size optimization is carried out with the goal of minimizing volume.After optimization,a total weight loss of 3.04 kg is achieved,with a lightweighting rate of 10.8%.Finally,based on the manufacturing process and processing requirements,the front subframe is structurally redesigned,and the newly designed front subframe is subjected to stiffness and modal analysis verification.The results show that the optimized front subframe successfully achieves lightweight design while meeting structural performance requirements,verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of this optimization method in subframe structural design,

关 键 词：前副车架 拓扑优化 尺寸优化 轻量化设计 结构分析 

分 类 号：U463.32[机械工程—车辆工程]