地表水污染时空分布特征与生态化治理技术研究  

Research on the Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Surface Water Pollution and Ecological Control Technologies

作　　者：吴昊 Wu Hao(Henan Provincial Hydrology and Water Resources Center,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省水文水资源中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2025年第4期64-69,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：为实现水污染的治理和修复,针对地表水污染时空分布特征展开分析,并提出生态化治理技术。以河南省地表流域作为研究区域,根据监测数据划分污染源。针对不同类型的污染物,基于单位核算原则构建污染物计量函数,确定不同污染物入河入湖计量数值。然后,按照一类到劣五类标准,划分地表水质污染类别。最后,以河流干流、支流、湖泊和水库四种空间分布形式,获取地表水污染的时空分布动态特征,并提出对应的生态化治理技术。结果表明:基于“近自然、多功能、高效益、可持续”理念提出的治理技术,可以有效实现对干流受污染水质的修复。To achieve the governance and restoration of water pollution,an analysis is conducted on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of surface water pollution,and ecological governance technologies are proposed.Using the surface watershed of Henan Province as the research area,pollution sources are classified based on monitoring data.Based on the principle of unit accounting,a pollutant measurement function is constructed for different types of pollutants to determine the measurement values of different pollutants entering rivers and lakes.Then,according to the standards of one to five inferior categories,classify surface water pollution into categories.Finally,the spatiotemporal distribution dynamic characteristics of surface water pollution were obtained through four spatial distribution forms of river main streams,tributaries,lakes,and reservoirs,and corresponding ecological governance technologies were proposed.The results indicate that the governance technology proposed based on the concept of“close to nature,multifunctional,high efficiency,and sustainable”can effectively achieve the remediation of polluted water quality in the main stream.

关 键 词：水污染 时空分布 生态化治理 计量函数 污染源 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]