基于宏基因组学方法分析改良肥料对稻田氮循环细菌群落的影响  

Analysis of the Impact of Improved Fertilizers on Nitrogen-Cycling Bacterial Communities in Paddy Fields Using Metagenomics Approaches

作　　者：王珂 聂新军 姜培坤[1] 阿卜来提·艾拜 WANG Ke;NIE Xinjun;JIANG Peikun;AIBAI·Abulaiti(College of Environment and Resources,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300;Zhejiang Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Management Station,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310020)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省耕地质量与肥料管理总站,浙江杭州310020

出　　处：《热带农业工程》2025年第2期8-12,共5页Tropical Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：浙江省“三农九方”科技协作计划项目(No.2023SNJF040)。

摘　　要：为揭示有机肥部分替代化肥和炭基肥两种常用改良肥料对水稻田氮循环细菌群落的影响。在浙江省嘉兴市桐乡市开展田间定位试验,采用宏基因组测序技术分析不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(CT)、施有机肥替代50%化肥(BS)和施炭基肥(CB)4种处理下土壤细菌丰度、群落组成的变化特征。结果表明,相对CT处理,BS处理显著提升了土壤细菌丰度,增加了细菌芽孢杆菌属、无色菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属的相对丰度,降低了硫杆菌属和固氮菌属的相对丰度;CB处理增加了芽孢杆菌属、寡养单胞菌属和地杆菌属的相对丰度,降低了假单胞菌属、亚硝化螺菌属和固氮菌属的相对丰度;冗余分析表明,NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N是导致细菌群落组成变化的主要驱动因子,BS处理可显著提高土壤细菌丰度,增加反硝化菌属相对丰度,促进稻田氮循环,而CB处理抑制了稻田氮循环。In order to reveal the effects of partially substituting chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers and biochar-based fertilizers,two commonly used improved fertilizers,on the bacterial communities involved in nitrogen cycling in rice paddies.Field trials were conducted in Tongxiang City,Jiaxing City,Zhejiang Province,using metagenomic sequencing technology to analyze the changes in soil bacterial abundance and community composition under four treatments:no fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilizer(CT),50% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer(BS),and biochar-based fertilizer(CB).The results indicated that compared to CT treatment,BS treatment significantly increased the abundance of soil bacteria,and enhanced the relative abundance of Bacillus,Achromobacter,and Sphingomonas genera while reducing the relative abundance of Thiobacillus and Azoarcus genera.CB treatment increased the relative abundance of Bacillus,Stenotrophomonas,and Geobacter genera,while decreasing the relative abundance of Pseudomonas,Nitrosospira,and Azoarcus genera.Redundancy analysis revealed that NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N were the primary drivers of bacterial community composition changes.BS treatment significantly increases soil bacterial abundance,enhances the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria,and promotes nitrogen cycling in paddy fields.In contrast,CB treatment inhibits nitrogen cycling in paddy fields.

关 键 词：宏基因组 有机肥替代部分化肥 炭基肥 细菌群落 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]