基于改进麻雀搜索算法的滚子圆度误差评定方法  

A Roller Roundness Error Evaluation Method Based on Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm

作　　者：刘振 杨文军[1,2] 张子龙 陈子汉 陈新元 LIU Zhen;YANG Wenjun;ZHANG Zilong;CHEN Zihan;CHEN Xinyuan(School of Machinery and Automation,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Equipment and its Control,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学机械自动化学院,武汉430081 [2]武汉科技大学冶金装备及其控制教育部重点实验室,武汉430081

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2025年第4期161-166,172,共7页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51905200)。

摘　　要：轴承滚子圆度误差是衡量轴承运行可靠性和效率的重要指标之一。现有圆度误差评定方法存在精度低、收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优等问题,为了提高圆度误差评定的准确性和效率,提出一种基于多策略改进麻雀搜索算法的轴承滚子圆度误差评定方法。该方法在充分利用麻雀搜索算法局部搜索能力强等优点的基础上,通过多策略改进克服了初始种群质量不佳、全局搜索能力较弱、容易陷入局部最优等缺点;再结合机器视觉方法,对经亚像素边缘检测获取的端面外圈坐标数据进行评定,实现了轴承滚子直径和圆度误差的快速无接触高精度测量。仿真分析表明,该评定方法在求解精度、收敛速度和稳定性等方面都显著优于其他算法。实验结果表明,该评定方法在计算精度和求解速度上均有优势,可为优化轴承滚子在线测量提供实践参考。The roundness error of bearing roller is one of the important indexes to measure the reliability and efficiency of bearing operation.In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of roundness error evaluation,a new method of roundness error evaluation of bearing roller based on multi-strategy improved sparrow search algorithm is proposed.On the basis of making full use of the advantages of the sparrow search algorithm such as strong local search ability,the proposed method overcomes the disadvantages of poor initial population quality,weak global search ability and easy to fall into local optimum through multi-strategy improvement.Combined with the machine vision method,the coordinate data of the outer ring obtained by the subpixel edge detection are evaluated,and the diameter and roundness errors of the bearing roller are measured quickly and with high precision without contact.Simulation results show that the proposed evaluation method is superior to other algorithms in solving accuracy,convergence speed and stability.The experimental results show that the evaluation method proposed in this paper has advantages in both calculation accuracy and solving speed,and can provide practical reference for optimizing the on-line measurement of bearing rollers.

关 键 词：轴承滚子 圆度误差评定 麻雀搜索算法 机器视觉 亚像素边缘检测 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]