密度和饵料日投喂量对科斯塔氏直线脂鲤(Moenkhausia costae)养殖的影响  

Effects of the stocking density and daily feeding amount on the cultivation of Moenkhausia costae

作　　者：何银加 於锋 许萱 邱达观 孔德璇 顾志峰[1,2,3] HE Yinjia;YU Feng;XU Xuan;QIU Daguan;KONG Dexuan;GU Zhifeng(School of Marine Biology and Fisheries,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Freshwater Fisheries Hainan Engineering Research Center,Haikou 570228,China;Sanya Nanfan Research Institute,Hainan University,Sanya 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋生物与水产学院,海南海口570228 [2]淡水渔业海南省工程研究中心,海南海口570228 [3]海南大学三亚南繁研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《海南大学学报(自然科学版中英文)》2025年第1期7-14,共8页Natural Science of Hainan University

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金(320QN207);海南大学科研启动基金(KYQD(ZR)20061);海南省院士创新平台建设项目(HD-YSZX-202011)。

摘　　要：为了揭示热带淡水观赏鱼科斯塔氏直线脂鲤(Moenkhausia costae)的适宜养殖密度及饵料日投喂量,采用循环水养殖系统进行不同养殖密度(0.5、1和1.5条·L^(-1))和饵料日投喂量(体质量的3%、5%和7%)养殖,比较科斯塔氏直线脂鲤生长性能、摄食率(FI)、水质指标等差异性。结果表明:养殖密度为0.5条·L^(-1)、日投喂量为体质量3%的组别观察到最高的体质量增长率(WGR)为(517.96±56.09)%和特定生长率(SGR)为(3.03±0.15)%·d^(-1),以及最低的饵料系数(FCR)为1.08±0.02。此外,养殖密度和日投喂量对科斯塔氏直线脂鲤的FCR和FI存在交互作用(P<0.05)。FI、氨氮和亚硝酸盐呈现随养殖密度和日投喂率的增大而增大。G9(养殖密度为1.5条·L^(-1)和日投喂率为7%)中氨氮和亚硝酸盐含量最高,分别为(0.56±0.07)mg·L^(-1)和(0.033±0.003)mg·L^(-1)。对体长-体质量进行幂函数拟合,得到方程W=0.0165L2.5373(n=100,R^(2)=0.9873)。本研究条件下,科斯塔氏直线脂鲤的最适养殖密度为0.5条·L^(-1),适宜的饵料日投喂量为体质量的3%。研究结果丰富了科斯塔氏直线脂鲤养殖资料,有助于建立科斯塔氏直线脂鲤的养殖技术和指导大规模苗种生产。In order to obtain the optimal farming density and daily feeding amount for the tropical freshwater ornamental fish Moenkhausia costae(M.costae),a recirculating aquaculture system was used,and the effects of the different stocking densities(0.5,1,and 1.5 individuals·L^(−1))and the different daily feeding amounts(3%,5%,and 7%of body weight)on the growth performance,feeding rate,and water quality indicators of M.costae were compared.The results indicated that the group with a stocking density of 0.5 individuals·L^(−1) and a daily feeding amount of 3%of the body weight exhibited the highest weight gain rate[WGR=(517.96±56.09)%],the specific growth rate[SGR=(3.03±0.15)%·d^(−1)],and the lowest feed conversion ratio(FCR=1.08±0.02).Additionally,there were significant interactions between the stocking density and daily feeding amount and the FCR and feed intake(FI)of M.costae(P<0.05).With the elevation of stocking density and feeding rate,FI,Ammonia nitrogen,and Nitrite increased.In the G9 group(stocking density of 1.5 individuals·L^(−1) and feeding rate of 7%),the highest concentrations of Ammonia nitrogen and Nitrite were observed,which was(0.56±0.07)mg·L^(−1) and(0.033±0.003)mg·L^(−1),respectively.The length-weight relationship was fitted with a power function,and the equation W=0.0165L2.5373(n=100,R2=0.9873)was obtained.Under the conditions,the optimal farming density for M.costae was determined to be 0.5 individuals·L^(−1),with a suitable daily feeding amount of 3%of the body weight.Our findings provide the valuable information for the cultivation of M.costae,which are helpful for guiding the large-scale seed production.

关 键 词：科斯塔氏直线脂鲤 养殖密度 日投喂量 生长性能 摄食率 水质 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]