法兰微泄漏声场的流声耦合仿真与定量分析  

Flow-acoustic coupling simulation and quantitative analysis of the sound field from flange micro-leakage

作　　者：张颖 段怀正 许世林 徒芸[2] ZHANG Ying;DUAN Huaizheng;XU Shilin;TU Yun(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Pressure System and Safety,Ministry of Education,School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学安全科学与工程学院,江苏常州213164 [2]华东理工大学机械与动力工程学院,承压系统与安全教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第4期1349-1358,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3010500);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX23_3158)。

摘　　要：法兰密封面泄漏是影响设备长期稳定运行的重要因素,一旦发生泄漏,极易引发生产事故与环境污染。由于泄漏会引发异常噪声,而声学方法相对于其他检测方法能够在更早期发现泄漏,因此,采用声学方法检测法兰泄漏状态能够获得更好的效果。以发生泄漏的法兰为研究对象,基于大涡模拟和广义Lighthill方程进行三维数值计算,并对泄漏点附近的噪声分布特性进行研究。结果表明,当法兰发生泄漏时,泄漏点附近会产生明显的泄漏噪声场并沿法兰整体传播,且声压级随传播距离增大而减弱。通过模拟分析了不同工作压力、不同泄漏点截面尺寸和不同泄漏点数量对异常泄漏噪声的影响,随着泄漏点数量从1增加到3,总声压级增加28 dB,在2 MPa压力条件下,通过数值仿真模型拟合得出了泄漏量的计算公式。基于拟合结果,采用检测点的平均声压级数据计算泄漏量准确率均在90%以上。研究工作可为法兰微泄漏的声学检测提供指导。This study focuses on flanges with leaks,specifically examining how leakage conditions affect sound field distribution.A three-dimensional computational model of the flange was developed to investigate both the flow field and the sound field in the presence of leakage points.Utilizing Large Eddy Simulation(LES)and the Generalized Lighthill Acoustic Analogy(GLAE),this study was conducted using Fluent software and Actran acoustic software.Instantaneous flow field data were computed in Fluent and subsequently imported into Actran for sound field calculations,allowing for an analysis of the resulting noise distribution characteristics.The results indicate that when the flange is leak-free,the flow field pressure is uniformly distributed throughout the fluid domain.In this scenario,there is no volumetric sound source distribution in the sound field,and the sound pressure level remains relatively unchanged.When there is a leak in the flange seal,jet noise occurs,and the sound pressure level varies significantly with the leakage conditions.However,as the operating pressure increases from 2 MPa to 4 MPa,the total sound pressure level remains relatively stable.However,as the size of the leakage point increases from 1 mm 2 to 5 mm 2,the total sound pressure level decreases from 163 dB to 150 dB.Conversely,when the number of leakage points increases from 1 to 3,the total sound pressure level rises from 119 dB to 146 dB.Leakage was quantified by measuring the total sound pressure level.By analyzing the relationship between data from different leakage conditions and the leakage volume at 2 MPa,we compared the calculation errors of the fitting formulas for both the average and maximum sound pressure levels.This analysis led to the derivation of a formula for calculating the leakage rate at 2 MPa,with an error margin of less than 10%.The investigation of sound field distribution in the flange and the effects of leakage conditions on the sound field can provide valuable insights for predicting the leakage state of the flange.

关 键 词：安全工程 泄漏噪声 数值模拟 声场分布 量化评价 

分 类 号：X933.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学]