建筑火灾场景下表征人员认知负荷的生理信号研究  

Research on physiological signals as indicators of personnel cognitive load in building fire scenarios

作　　者：刘家喜 张超文 张瑞 孙丽[1] 李畅[1] LIU Jiaxi;ZHANG Chaowen;ZHANG Rui;SUN Li;LI Chang(School of Civil Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学土木工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第4期1504-1513,共10页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51974189)。

摘　　要：为研究个体在火灾逃生场景下的应激状况和差异性及与认知负荷的关系,创建了虚拟建筑火灾场景,并利用ErgoLAB人机环境同步平台,对试验对象进行虚拟火灾逃生场景下心率、皮电、眼动等生理指标的实时监测。对数据进行处理和分析,探讨按照不同分类方式分成的不同类型试验对象在火灾逃生时的差异,并分析不同类型人群的特点与其认知负荷之间的关系。结果表明,在火灾疏散场景中,火灾可见性对于人群疏散有影响,且火灾可见情况下比火灾不可见情况下人员疏散时的认知负荷更大,男性的认知负荷显著高于女性,胆汁质人群的认知负荷明显高于多血质人群的认知负荷。研究结果可为火灾环境下人群疏散模型的建立提供参考,对避免人员伤亡和减少财产损失具有实际意义。This article aims to use physiological signals to study the stress levels and individual differences in building fire escape scenarios,exploring the relationship between these differences,fire visibility,and cognitive load.To this end,a virtual building fire scenario is created,with the experimental scenes divided into visible and invisible fire scenes based on fire visibility.The experimental subjects were categorized into two groups—biliary and sanguine—using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ)questionnaire.Three control groups were established,with the first variable being fire visibility,the second variable being gender,and the third variable being temperament type.We used the ErgoLAB human-machine environment synchronization platform to monitor real-time physiological indicators,including heart rate,skin electrical activity,and eye movement,of the experimental subjects during virtual fire escape scenarios.We conducted an independent sample t-test on the physiological data and Pearson correlation analysis on the Electrodermal Activity(EDA)peak height and average pupil diameter.Additionally,we explored the physiological data differences among the three control groups and analyzed the relationship between the characteristics of different population types and their cognitive load.The results indicate that,under the experimental conditions of this study,fire visibility does not have a significant impact on cognitive load during personnel evacuation.In the same fire evacuation scenario,the EDA peak height and average pupil diameter of males are significantly higher than those of females,indicating that men experience a higher cognitive load than women.In the same fire evacuation scenario,the EDA peak height and average pupil diameter of the biliary population are significantly higher than those of the sanguine population.Therefore,the cognitive load of the biliary population is significantly higher than that of the sanguine population.The research findings provide valuable insights for developing crowd

关 键 词：安全工程 虚拟现实 生理指标 眼动 皮肤电信号 认知负荷 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]