微纳米气泡水耦合生物炭提升红壤通气性及水果黄瓜产量与品质效应  

Effects of micro-nano bubble water coupled with biochar on enhancing the red soil aeration,yield and quality of fruit cucumbers in greenhouses

作　　者：欧阳赞 张杰 梁雪丽 王辉[1,2] 唐蓉 喻启华 张勇 OUYANG Zan;ZHANG Jie;LIANG Xueli;WANG Hui;TANG Rong;YU Qihua;ZHANG Yong(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Provincial Irrigation Area Precision Control Irrigation Engineering and Technology Research Center,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Changsha 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水利与土木工程学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南省灌区精准控灌工程技术研究中心,长沙410128 [3]湖南省水利水电科学研究院,长沙410007

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第7期89-101,共13页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ6251);湖南省水利厅科技项目(XSKJ2021000-02,XSKJ2023059-46,XSKJ2024064-24,XSKJ2024064-7);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(24A0161,24B0211,22A0144);长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2208080)。

摘　　要：红壤质地黏重、酸化板结、水气失调等障碍制约了作物产能提升,地下滴灌微纳米气泡水是一种高效节水的增氧灌溉技术,生物炭是一种具有丰富多孔的生物质资源,微纳米气泡水耦合生物炭对土壤通气性及作物产量品质的影响尚不清楚。该研究以红壤-水果黄瓜为研究对象,采用二因素随机区组试验设计,设置3个微纳米气泡水溶解氧浓度(O1,4~5 mg/L;O2,9~10 mg/L;O3,14~15 mg/L),3个生物炭施加量(B1,20 t/hm^(2);B2,40 t/hm^(2);B3,60 t/hm^(2)),1个对照组CK(溶解氧,4~5 mg/L;生物炭,0 t/hm^(2)),研究了2024年2个生长季微纳米气泡水和生物炭对红壤通气性及水果黄瓜产量品质的影响。结果表明,微纳米气泡水溶解氧和生物炭对土壤通气性、产量及品质主要指标影响显著(P<0.05)。与对照相比,红壤通气性孔隙度、氧气含量、产量、水分利用效率和维生素C显著增加。产量与土壤通气孔隙度、土壤氧化还原电位、土壤氧气、灌溉水分利用效率显著正相关(P<0.05),与容重显著负相关(P<0.05)。生物炭通过“多孔”特性降低容重,增加通气孔隙度,与微纳米气泡水结合提高了氧气含量和氧化还原电位,改善了红壤通气性,促进了水果黄瓜提质增效,综合考虑产量、品质、经济效益等因素,较优处理为O3B3。研究成果可为中国南方黏性红黄壤通气性改良提供理论依据和可行途径。Subsurface drip irrigation(SDI)with micro-nano bubble water(MNBW)is one of the most efficient irrigation modes of water-saving oxygenation.Biochar is one type of biomass resource with abundant porosity.Both of them can be expected to alleviate the hypoxia in the root zone of crops.This study aims to explore the effects of the micro-nano bubble water coupled with the biochar on soil aeration,as well as the yield and quality of crops.The research material was taken as the fruit cucumbers in southern red soil.A two-factor randomized block was also designed in the greenhouse.Three concentrations of dissolved oxygen were set in the micro-nano bubble water(O1,4-5 mg/L;O2,9-10 mg/L;and O3,14-15 mg/L).Three amounts of biochar were also applied(B1,20 t/hm^(2);B2,40 t/hm^(2);and B3,60 t/hm^(2)).Additionally,a control group(CK)was established(O,4-5 mg/L,dissolved oxygen in irrigation water under natural conditions;B,0 t/hm^(2),no biochar applied).An integrated system was employed as the water and fertilizer underground drip irrigation.A systematic investigation was carried out to explore the effects of the dissolved oxygen concentrations of micro-nano bubble water and biochar application amounts on the soil aeration,cucumber yield,and quality over two growing seasons(1^(st) and 2^(nd) crop).The results indicate that the dissolved oxygen concentration of micro-nano bubble water and biochar significantly enhanced the main indicators of soil aeration,yield,and quality(P<0.05).The yield of fruit cucumbers was positively correlated with the soil aeration porosity(P<0.05),soil redox potential(P<0.01),soil oxygen(P<0.01),and irrigation water use efficiency(P<0.01).There was a negative correlation with the soil bulk density(P<0.05).The porous properties of biochar increased the porosity of soil and aeration,thus enhancing the soil moisture and oxygen levels when mixed with the micro-nano bubble water.The bulk density of red soil was reduced correspondingly.The aeration of the red soil was improved for the high yield and quality of

关 键 词：灌溉 生物炭 土壤 地下滴灌 微纳米气泡水 通气性 产量与品质 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]