基于SfM近景摄影测量技术的藓结皮坡面风蚀监测  

Monitoring wind erosion on moss crusts-covered slopes using SfM photogrammetry technology

作　　者：陈浩然 高丽倩 郭雅丽 欧阳文峰 张采月 CHEN Haoran;GAO Liqian;GUO Yali;OUYANG Wenfeng;ZHANG Caiyue(State of Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control,College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation),Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院(水土保持研究所)水土保持与荒漠化整治全国重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2025年第7期129-135,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1300802);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目(XAB2022YW01);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BEG03053)。

摘　　要：生物结皮作为干旱半干旱地区重要的地表覆被物,在土壤风蚀防控中发挥着重要作用。生物结皮坡面的风蚀速率监测和风蚀形态变化是坡面风蚀过程和风蚀机理研究的重点与难点。该研究以黄土高原不同盖度的藓结皮坡面为研究对象,通过运动恢复结构(structure-from-motion,SfM)近景摄影测量技术结合室内风洞试验,评价了SfM近景摄影测量技术对藓结皮坡面土壤风蚀速率测量的精度及其在生物结皮坡面土壤风蚀监测中的应用可行性。结果表明:SfM近景摄影测量技术能够准确获取藓结皮坡面土壤风蚀速率,均方根误差(root mean square error,RMSE)范围为0.003~0.094 kg/(m^(2)·min)。在藓结皮盖度为0~60%条件下,实测风蚀速率为0.069~0.557 kg/(m^(2)·min),SfM近景摄影测量技术估测风蚀速率为0.068~0.510kg/(m^(2)·min),估测平均绝对误差为0.002~0.092kg/(m^(2)·min),估测相对误差为2.81%~16.33%,整体精度较高。同时数字高程模型(digital elevation model,DEM)重建坐标误差较低,误差范围为0.145~0.302 mm,坐标重建均方根误差为0.232 mm,能够准确获取藓结皮坡面风蚀前后的高程数据。因此,SfM近景摄影测量技术为生物结皮坡面的土壤风蚀监测提供了一种非接触式、高效且可靠的手段,具有重要的应用价值。Wind erosion is one type of the most common natural disaster in arid and semiarid regions.Particularly,biocrusts have been widely distributed in desertified areas that subjected to droughts and harsh environments in recent years.The biocrusts can also be used to control soil erosion for the high resilience of ecosystems in drylands.Therefore,it is very crucial to quantitatively monitor and numerically model the wind erosion on the slopes in environmental science and land management.This study aims to predict the effects of different coverages of biocrusts on wind erosion.The valuable data greatly contributed to environmental protection and land rehabilitation,especially in the arid regions where soil degradation was widespread.Structure-from-motion(SfM)photogrammetry was selected to monitor the morphological variations in the moss crust-covered slopes after wind erosion.The applicability and accuracy were also validated using SfM photogrammetry.Indoor wind tunnel experiments were conducted in the laboratory.Soil samples and moss crusts were separately collected from the topsoil of agricultural fields.After that,the soil samples were packed into the erosion pans with the size of 1.0 m(length)×0.6 m(width)×0.2 m(height).The coordinate points were distributed in a regular pattern around their perimeter.Soil within them was arranged in the layers,in order to simulate the natural soil stratification.Moss crust samples were transplanted piece by piece,according to the treatments under different coverage percentages.The surface cover was then consistent with the experimental conditions.Canon EOS 90D single lens reflex(SLR)camera was equipped with a zoom lens that covered a focal length range of 18-135 mm and the focal length was locked at 18 mm during measurement.The surface topography was accurately captured to highly represent the terrain.Agisoft PhotoScan Professional software was utilized to generate a raster DEM with a pixel size of 0.3 mm×0.3 mm.The soil loss rates were estimated for the same erosion pan at the

关 键 词：运动恢复结构 生物结皮 土壤风蚀监测 数字高程模型 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]