静电传感器在航空发动机超转监控中的应用分析  

Analysis on Application of Electrostatic Sensor in Aero⁃engine Overspeed Monitoring

作　　者：郭家琛 左洪福[2] 甄博 张弓 GUO Jiachen;ZUO Hongfu;ZHEN Bo;ZHANG Gong(Airworthiness Certification Center,Civil Aviation Administration of China,Beijing 100102,China;College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空适航审定中心,北京100102 [2]南京航空航天大学民航学院,南京211106

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期361-370,共10页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

摘　　要：航空发动机运行中可能发生超转事件,严重时会导致“非包容的高能碎片”的危害性后果。从航空发动机适航审定对超转事件的安全要求切入,分析电子式超转保护系统对新型传感器的需求。基于某型号航空涡轴发动机尾气静电监测探索性试验的实测信号开展了信号分析,分析结果显示静电传感器信号的频谱信息可以实时动态跟踪转子转速。在75、210、420、630、840和1000 kW 6种输出轴功率工况的静电信号的频谱信息中均识别出处于170~180 Hz间的动力涡轮转速及其倍频。所得结果表明静电传感器具备在航空发动机超转监控中的应用潜力。Overspeed events may occur in the operation of aero-engines,which may lead to hazardous engine consequences of“uncontained high-energy debris”.Based on the safety requirements of aero-engine airworthiness certification for overspeed events,this paper analyzes the requirements of electronic overspeed protection system for a new type of sensors.We analyze the measured signals of the exploratory test of exhaust electrostatic monitoring of a certain type of aero-turboshaft engine.The analysis results show that the spectrum information of the electrostatic sensor signal can dynamically track the rotor speed in real time.The power turbine speed between 170—180 Hz and its doubling frequency are identified in the spectrum information under six output shaft power conditions of 75,210,420,630,840 and 1000 kW.The obtained results demonstrate that electrostatic sensor has potential applications in aero-engine overspeed monitoring.

关 键 词：静电传感器 航空发动机 超转 适航审定 状态监测 

分 类 号：V231.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]