卫星激光测距天空背景噪声数值仿真及分析  

Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Sky Background Noise in Satellite Laser Ranging

作　　者：吕柏韬 安宁[1] 郑彦宁 吕泽群 韩兴伟[1] LüBotao;An Ning;Zheng Yanning;Lü Zequn;Han Xingwei(Changchun Observatory,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130117,Jilin,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站,吉林长春130117 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国激光》2025年第2期244-253,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12073052);吉林省自然科学基金(20230101006JC)。

摘　　要：卫星激光测距(SLR)是一种灵敏度极高的探测技术。在白天或夜间天空背景较亮等情况下,由天空背景光产生的噪声极易造成信号误触发,不利于SLR测距精度的进一步提高。本团队基于Mie及Rayleigh散射理论,结合光辐射传输方程,构建了SLR大气辐射传输(SLRART)仿真平台。SLRART根据大气及SLR系统参数可以快速计算出激光大气透过率与天空背景辐射分布,实现SLR天空背景噪声的数值仿真。与实测结果相比,利用SLRART计算的一级数据产品的平均相对误差仅为5%,二级数据产品的平均误差仅为10%。SLRART可被广泛应用于SLR大气误差修正、系统设计、性能评估及台站选址等,同时可为SLR技术自动化提供技术支持。Objective Sky background noise represents a significant source of error in satellite laser ranging(SLR),its intensity and distribution directly influence the accuracy of SLR measurements.During the same observation process,fluctuations in sky background noise can vary by up to two orders of magnitude,adversely affecting both the precision and stability of the SLR-ranging results.Due to technological constraints,current SLR detection systems cannot measure the sky background noise concurrently with target observations.Consequently,a key research focus in this field is developing methods to accurately estimate the sky background noise in each observation area using readily available atmospheric parameters.Presently,there is no software on the market capable of directly calculating the sky background noise received by SLR systems.Most atmospheric radiation transmission softwares only provide simulations of atmospheric transmittance or sky background radiation intensity,which limits their ability to comprehensively analyze sky background noise.Additionally,because these tools do not account for the structural parameters of the SLR system,they cannot directly calculate the number of background noise photons,which limits their utility in optimizing and applying the SLR system.Methods This study utilizes the optical radiation transfer equation and the SLR system noise calculation equation in conjunction with the relationship between the distribution of atmospheric particles and meteorological parameters such as visibility and relative humidity near the surface.Key parameters,including optical thickness,scattering phase function,single scattering albedo,and scattering angle,are comprehensively considered.A satellite laser ranging atmospheric radiation transfer simulation software(SLRART)was developed using the C++programming language.This platform was employed to estimate and analyze the sky background noise distribution as received by the 60 cm SLR system at Changchun Station.The reliability of this software was validat

关 键 词：卫星激光测距 大气透过率 天空背景辐射 天空背景噪声 

分 类 号：P228.5[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]