基于金刚石氮-空位色心检测矢量信号的甚低频接收天线  

Miniaturized VLF Antenna Utilizing Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond for Vector Signal Detection

作　　者：付鼎元 叶安 唐雨桐 李晓林 钮月萍[1] 龚尚庆[1] Fu Dingyuan;Ye An;Tang Yutong;Li Xiaolin;Niu Yueping;Gong Shangqing(School of Physics,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学物理学院,上海200237

出　　处：《中国激光》2025年第2期277-287,共11页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12034007,12274123,61835013)。

摘　　要：甚低频(VLF)指的是3~30 kHz的频段,甚低频无线电波的接收、分析技术在地下成像、全球通信等方面均有重要应用。基于金刚石氮-空位(NV)色心的甚低频接收天线具有体积小、动态范围大、频带范围宽、自带矢量特性等优点。采用连续波光学探测磁共振(ODMR)结合I/Q微波频率调制方法,通过读取NV色心经532 nm激光激发得到的荧光信号,实现了对10 kHz甚低频无线电波的探测,探测灵敏度为14.35 nT/Hz^(1/2)。使用该天线对频率为10 kHz、磁感应强度为30μT的实时频率调制信号进行通信信号接收实验,实现了比特率为99 bit/s的连续无误码电磁波信号的接收,并绘制其天线方向性图谱,证明了该天线能接收甚低频电磁波信号并具有判断信源方向的能力。Objective Very low frequency(VLF)refers to radio frequencies within the range of 3 to 30 kHz,characterized by long wavelengths and strong penetration capabilities.These VLF waves can propagate effectively between the surface of the Earth and the ionosphere,enabling intercontinental communication.Moreover,their ability to penetrate through obstacles like seawater and rock makes them ideal for communication in underwater and underground environments.Traditional VLF communication systems utilize large,groundbased receiving antennas,which are often bulky and impractical in modern airborne and satellite-based observation systems.Consequently,an increasing demand existed for miniaturized,portable antennas.Various compact antennas have been developed to meet this need,including electrically small antennas such as loop,ferrite rod,whip,and magnetoelectric(ME)antennas.Nitrogenvacancy(NV)centers in diamond,recognized for their high sensitivity in magnetic sensing,exhibit significant potential as VLF receivers.These NV centers offer key advantages,such as directional sensitivity to magnetic fields and wide-frequency bandwidth,making them suitable candidates for antenna applications.These properties make NV centers particularly suitable for use as antennas.This study investigates the integration of NV centers in diamond for communication modulation signal reception in the VLF range,aiming to create a miniaturized vector communication receiving antenna.Unlike superconducting quantum interference devices(SQUIDs)or atomic magnetometers,which rely on magnetic sensing but require specific thermal conditions(either high or low temperatures)to maintain high sensitivity,NV centers can operate effectively without such conditions.This unique characteristic highlights their immense potential for a wide array of applications,including VLF signal detection and quantum magnetometry.Methods This study developed a diamond NV center vector magnetometer comprising three main components:(1)an optical system for laser emission and fluorescence

关 键 词：金刚石氮-空位色心 光学探测磁共振 磁通信 矢量测量 

分 类 号：TN827.2[电子电信—信息与通信工程]