河南省2012年至2022年肾综合征出血热流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Henan Province from 2012 to 2022

作　　者：范威 李东晓 黄学勇[1] 李亚飞 王海峰[1] 陈琼丽 单怡凡 叶莹[1] Fan Wei;Li Dongxiao;Huang Xueyong;Li Yafei;Wang Haifeng;Chen Qiongli;Shan Yifan;Ye Ying(Institute for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Institute for Hospital Management of Henan Province,The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,郑州450000 [2]郑州大学第一附属医院河南省医院管理研究院,郑州450000

出　　处：《中华传染病杂志》2024年第10期602-607,共6页Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关(LHGJ20230638)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征及空间分布特征,为制订防控措施提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统子系统传染病监测系统收集河南省2012年1月至2022年12月HFRS报告病例数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对HFRS时间、地区、人群分布和临床诊断类型资料进行分析,并以县级为单位进行空间聚集分析。采用Pearson法对不同临床诊断类型与病死率进行相关分析。结果共报告HFRS病例2843例,年均发病率为0.26/10万,死亡49例,病死率为1.72%。HFRS每年有2个发病高峰,秋冬(10月至次年1月)和春末夏初(5月至7月)。患者中男2174例(76.47%),农民2294例(80.69%)。2012年至2022年各年度报告病例平均年龄分别为43.70岁、45.44岁、45.91岁、48.33岁、45.41岁、48.53岁、48.93岁、48.87岁、45.90岁、51.27岁、50.89岁。实验室确诊病例与病死率存在较强的负相关(r=-0.652,P<0.001),疑似病例和临床诊断病例与病死率存在较强的正相关(r=0.304,P=0.035;r=0.623,P<0.001)。报告病例数少的地区病死率高,病死率位居前5位的县为卫东区(5例发病,2例死亡)、牧野区(3例发病,1例死亡)、新华区(3例发病,1例死亡)、顺河回族区(6例发病,1例死亡)、安阳县[53例发病,6例(11.32%)死亡]。2012年至2022年全局自相关分析显示莫兰I数为0.138~0.326,2012年至2022年均有相关性(均P<0.01)。高-高聚集区主要集中在河南省南部驻马店市和信阳市交汇处。结论河南省HFRS报告病例呈现全省散发,部分地区呈现明显的时空聚集特征,报告病例人群平均年龄呈波动上升趋势,高发地区应进一步提高实验室确诊率。ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiological characteristics and spatial distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Henan Province,and to provide a basis for the development of prevention and control measures.MethodsData of reported cases with HFRS in Henan Province from January 2012 to December 2022 were obtained from the Chinese disease control and prevention information system subsystem infectious disease monitoring system.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal,regional,population distributions,and the type of clinical diagnoses of HFRS.The spatial clustering analyses were carried out at county level.Correlation analysis between different clinical diagnostic types and mortality rate was conducted using Pearson method.ResultsA total of 2843 HFRS cases were reported,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.26/100000,and 49 cases died with a case-fatality rate of 1.72%.There were two peaks of incidence each year,which were fall and winter(from October to the next January)and late spring and summer peak(from May to July).Among the patients,2174(76.47%)were male and 2294(80.69%)were farmers.The average ages of reported cases from 2012 to 2022 were 43.70 years,45.44 years,45.91 years,48.33 years,45.41 years,48.53 years,48.93 years,48.87 years,45.90 years,51.27 years,and 50.89 years,respectively.There was a strong negative correlation between laboratory-confirmed cases and case fatality(r=-0.652,P<0.001),and a strong positive correlation between suspected cases,clinical-diagnosed cases and case fatality(r=0.304,P=0.035 and r=0.623,P<0.001,respectively).A higher rate of case-fatality was found in areas with a lower number of reported cases.Case-fatality rate ranking among the top five counties were Weidong District(five cases of disease with two deaths),Muye District(three cases of disease with one death),Xinhua District(three cases of disease with one death),Shunhe Hui District(six cases of disease with one death),and Anyang County(53 cases of disease with six(11.32%)

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 流行特征 疾病监测 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]