顾颉刚疑古史学的再认识:“古史四考”的提出、演进与学理  

A Reconsideration of Gu Jiegang’s Historical Research of Doubting Antiquity:The Presentation,Evolution,and Doctrine of“The Four Researches on Ancient History”

作　　者：郭伟涛 Guo Weitao

机构地区：[1]清华大学出土文献研究与保护中心,北京100084

出　　处：《史学史研究》2025年第1期50-62,78,共14页Journal of Historiography

摘　　要：顾颉刚在1923年发表《与钱玄同先生论古史书》之后,对传统古史系统的认识和思考逐步深入,最后于1933年正式提出包括《帝系考》《王制考》《经学考》和《道统考》在内的“古史四考”。顾颉刚一生从事的疑古史学工作,基本都可以放入“古史四考”的框架中。《与钱玄同先生论古史书》只是《帝系考》的一部分,由《帝系考》而引出《王制考》,由《王制考》而引出《经学考》,《道统考》则附丽于《帝系考》,具有理论升华和现实层面的意义。“古史四考”是从学术内在逻辑推导出来的,层层递进,逐步深入。彼此之间的学理也并非铁板一块,在共享部分学理之外还存在重要而深刻的差异,应该进行个别和具体的分析。未来学界对顾颉刚疑古史学的研究,应该在区分“古史四考”的基础上进行。After the publishing of“A letter of discussing ancient history with Qian Xuantong”in 1923,Gu Jiegang gradually deepened his research on traditional ancient historical system,and put forward the“Four research on ancient history”in 1933,namely the“A Research on the emperors'system”,“A Research on the rules of emperors”,“A Research on the Confucian classics”,and“A Research on the Confucian Orthodoxy”.Gu Jiegang's on historical research which is doubting antiquity can basically be put into the framework of the Four researches on Ancient History.“A letter of discussing ancient history with Qian Xuantong”is only one part of the“A Research on the emperors'system”,and the latter prompts the“A Research on the rules of emperors”which prompts the“A Research on the Confucian classics”,and“A Research on the Confucian Orthodoxy”attached to the“A Research on the rules of Emperors”,so they all have theoretical and practical significance.“The Four researches on ancient history”are put forward one by one logically.However,doctrine in four researches is relative but not identical.The differences between four researches provide clues for future studies.

关 键 词：顾颉刚 “古史四考” “古史层累造成说” 《与钱玄同先生论古史书》 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]