早期康复训练在腰椎管狭窄症患者术后训练中的应用效果  

Application Effect of Early Rehabilitation Training in Postoperative Training of Patients with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

作　　者：张萌萌 ZHANG Mengmeng(Department of Spine Surgery,Chifeng Hospital,Chifeng 024000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区赤峰市医院脊柱外科,内蒙古自治区赤峰024000

出　　处：《中国伤残医学》2025年第1期120-124,共5页Chinese Journal of Trauma and Disability Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨早期康复训练在腰椎管狭窄症患者术后训练中的效果。方法:回顾性分析2022年12月—2023年12月赤峰市医院收治的104例腰椎管狭窄症患者资料,依据手术后训练方法不同将其分为常规干预组及早期康复训练组,各52例。常规干预组采用常规干预,早期康复训练组在常规干预组基础上进行早期康复训练。比较两组术后并发症发生情况、症状改善情况、腰椎活动度、临床指标及训练满意度。结果:早期康复训练组的术后并发症发生率为3.85%,低于常规干预组的25.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1、2个月,早期康复训练组的直腿抬高试验(+)、残留腿痛、残留腰痛比例均低于常规干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,早期康复训练组的腰椎屈曲、侧屈、旋转活动度均大于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,早期康复训练组的日本骨科协会评估分数、日常生活活动能力量表评分、生活质量综合评定问卷-74评分均高于常规干预组,Oswestry功能障碍指数评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分法评分、简化McGill疼痛量表评分、焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评分均低于常规干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早期康复训练组的心理训练、健康宣教、训练操作、训练态度满意度评分均高于常规干预组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:早期康复训练在腰椎管狭窄症患者术后训练中的应用效果良好,可改善患者腰椎功能,减轻术后疼痛,缓解焦虑情绪,提高生活质量,具有较高的临床应用价值。Objective:To investigate the effect of early rehabilitation training in postoperative training of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods:Data of 104 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis admitted to Chifeng Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and were divided into a routine intervention group and an early rehabilitation training group according to different postoperative training methods,with 52 cases in each group.The routine intervention group received conventional intervention,and the early rehabilitation training group received early rehabilitation training on the basis of the routine intervention group.The occurrence of postoperative complications,symptom improvement,lumbar motion,clinical indexes and training satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of postoperative complications in the early rehabilitation training group was 3.85%,which was lower than 25.00%in the routine intervention group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).1 and 2 months after operation,the proportions of straight leg elevation test(+),residual leg pain and residual low back pain in the early rehabilitation training group were lower than those in the routine intervention group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the lumbar flexion,lateral flexion and rotational motion of the early rehabilitation training group were greater than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association assessment,Activities of Daily Living and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 in the early rehabilitation training group were higher than those in the routine intervention group,while the scores of the Oswestry disability index,pain visual analogue scale,simplified McGill Pain Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index were all lower than those in the routine intervention gro

关 键 词：腰椎管狭窄症 术后 早期康复训练 术后并发症 腰椎功能 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]