佛教中国化视野下对吐蕃佛教的再思考——以赤松德赞时期为中心  

Rethinking Tubo's Buddhism from the Perspective of Developing Buddhism in the Chinese Context-Focusing on the Period of Khri-srong IDe-btsan

作　　者：黄维忠 加羊达杰(译) HUANG Wei-zhong;vJam-dbyangs Dar-rgyas(Translated)(School of Chinese Classics,Renmin University of China;Collaborative Innovation Platform for the"Project for the Inheritance and Development of Ancient Chinese Characters and Chinese Civilization"and the Research Institute for Forging a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation;Qinghai Social Sciences,Qinghai Academyof Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院 [2]“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台、铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究院 [3]青海省社会科学院《青海社会科学》编辑部

出　　处：《中国藏学(藏文版)》2025年第1期29-49,189,190,194,195,共25页CHINA TIBETOLOGY

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究学者个人项目“敦煌藏文大事纪年文书研究”(项目编号:20221GS0043);古文字与中华文明传承发展工程规划项目“甘肃简牌与丝绸之路研究”(G3937)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章主要依据可信度较高的吐蕃碑铭和传统汉文典籍,而非依赖藏传佛教后弘期文献,深入探讨吐蕃赞普赤松德赞时期青藏高原佛教的中国化演进历程,重点围绕吐蕃会盟的佛教化仪式、桑耶寺的建造时间、内地僧人入吐蕃传法等方面展开讨论。通过对吐蕃碑铭、赤松德赞的兴佛诏书和传统汉文典籍等史料的反思,文章认为在赤松德赞统治时期,佛教在青藏高原正式开始了其中国化的历史进程,这也是佛教在该地区本土化的首个阶段,具体体现在:762一767年间的三次唐蕃会盟中吐蕃采用了佛教仪式;767年桑耶寺的建成标志着佛教在青藏高原初步完成了中国化的进程。此外,汉传佛教在推动吐蕃佛教的发展上起到了关键作用。While the development of Buddhism in the Chinese context in Central Plains was completed relatively early,it did not proceed synchronously in regions such as the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,and Mongolian Plateau.This article primarily relies on relatively reliable Tubo inscriptions and traditional Chinese texts,rather than Tibetan Buddhist literature from the later dissemination period of Tibetan Buddhism,to delve deeply into the evolutionary process of the development of Buddhism on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during the reign of Khri-srong IDe-btsan of Tubo.It focuses on discussing the Buddhist rituals of the Tubo alliance,the construction timing of the bSam yas Monastery,the transmission of Buddhism by monks from the interior regions to Tubo.Through a reevaluation of historical materials such as Tubo inscriptions,Khri-srong IDe-btsan's edicts of promoting Buddhism,and traditional Chinese texts,the article argues that during the reign of Khri-srong IDe-btsan,Buddhism offcially embarked on its historical process of development in the Chinese context on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,marking the first stage of its localization in this region.Firstly,Buddhist rituals were adopted by Tubo in the three Tang-Tubo alliances between 762 and 767.Secondly,the completion of the bSam yas Monastery in 767 marked the initial development of Buddhism in the Chinese context on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.Furthermore,Han Buddhism played a crucial role in promoting the development of Tubo's Buddhism.

关 键 词：吐蕃佛教 赤松德赞时期 佛教中国化 桑耶寺 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]