敦煌藏文文献P.T.4040号《大乘无量寿宗要经》版本研究——兼论敦煌本P.T.4040号与《甘珠尔》本DK675号之关系  

Research on the Version of Mahayana Sukhavativyyuha-sitra in Dunhuang Tibetan Manuscript PT 4040:Also on the Relationship between Dunhuang Manuscript PT 4040 and DK675 in Kangyur

作　　者：桑吉东知 Sangs-rgyas Don-grub(School of Literature and Journalism of Qinghai Minzu University)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《中国藏学(藏文版)》2025年第1期121-138,192,198,199,共21页CHINA TIBETOLOGY

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项课题“敦煌藏文本《大乘无量寿宗要经》的整理与研究”(项目批准号:2018VJX068)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：最新资料显示,敦煌藏文写本《大乘无量寿宗要经》共计约2281件。然而,已有研究中鲜有对这些写本版本分类及其流变关系的深入讨论。通过对现存2281件古藏文《大乘无量寿宗要经》写本的调查与对比,作者识别出5种不同的译本:P.T.98类译本、BD.14292类译本、I.T.J.308类译本、P.T.4071译本以及P.T.4040译本。这些译本在词汇和句式上各具特色,P.T.4040译本的形成背景尤为复杂,通过与其他4种译本的比较,并结合《声明领二卷》中的翻译理论,文章揭示了其形成过程。该译本的译者基于一部梵文原典,主要参考了当时流行的P.T.98类译本进行翻译,同时也借鉴了BD.14292类译本,因此,P.T.4040译本并非全新翻译,而是基于已有译本进行的再创作。此外,部分藏族学者对《甘珠尔》DK675号版本的“准确度”存在争议。然而,通过对比分析发现,P.T.4040类译本与DK675号本在经文内容上高度一致,仅在咒语部分存在细微差异,因此可以认为P.T.4040类译本实为DK675号本的早期版本,而后者可能是前者的修订或整理本。The latest data shows that there are approximately 2,281 Tibetan manuscripts of Mahayana Sukhavativyuha-sitra from Dunhuang.However,in existing research,there has been little in-depth discussion on the classification of these manuscript versions and their evolutionary relationships.Through the investigation and comparison of the 2,281 ancient Tibetan manuscripts of Mahayana Sukhavativyuhasutra,the author has identified five different translation versions:the PT 98-type version,the BD 14292-type version,the ITJ 308-type version,the PT 4071 version,and the PT 4040 version.These versions each have their own characteristics in terms of vocabulary and sentence structures.The formation background of the PT 4040 version is particularly complex.By comparing it with the other four versions and combining with the translation theory in The Two Volumes of Sabdavidya,the article reveals its formation process.The translator of this version,based on a Sanskrit original,mainly referred to the popular PT 98-type version at that time for translation,and also drew on the BD 14292-type version.Therefore,the PT 4040 version is not a completely new translation,but a re-creation based on existing versions.In addition,some Tibetan scholars have disputes over the"accuracy"of the DK675 version in the Kangyur.However,through comparative analysis,it is found that the PT 4040-type version is highly consistent with the DK 675 version in terms of the scripture content,with only slight differences in the mantra part.Therefore,it can be considered that the PT 4040-type version is actually an early version of the DK 675 version,and the latter may be a revised or collated version of the former.

关 键 词：P.T.4040 《大乘无量寿宗要经》 敦煌藏文文献 《甘珠尔》 

分 类 号：B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]