藏医药曼唐与《美丽目饰》版印插图的比较研究  

A Comparative Study of the sMan-thang of Tibetan Medicine and the Woodblock-printed Illustrations in The Beautiful Eye-ornament

作　　者：查苏娜 海春生 扎西东主[4] Chasuna;HAI Chun-sheng;bKra-shis Don-grub(School of Fine Arts,Minzu University of China;Fuxin Mongolian Medicine Research Institute;Fuxin Mongolian Culture Museum;School of Tibetan Medicine,Qinghai University)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学美术学院 [2]辽宁省阜新蒙医药研究所 [3]阜新蒙古贞文化博物馆 [4]青海大学藏医学院

出　　处：《中国藏学(藏文版)》2025年第1期151-169,193,199,200,共22页CHINA TIBETOLOGY

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“元明清《大藏经》插图版画与蒙藏古籍文献版画艺术研究”(批准号:23VJXT013)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：藏医药学是中国医药学的重要组成部分,尤其在藏医传统教学领域,它拥有完备的理论框架、独特的教学模式及教学方法。其中,藏医药学的80幅曼唐作为传授《四部医典》这一藏医药学巨著的重要教具,以其传统性、形象性和直观性著称。“曼唐”一词藏语意为“医药挂图”,是藏医药学特有的传播自然科学知识的形象工具。现有研究中关于曼唐的文化价值与艺术价值探讨较多,但其学术价值同样不容忽视。曼唐的传播范围广泛,对蒙古地区版印藏医经卷的插图产生了深远影响,《美丽目饰》便是其影响力的典型例证之一。文章基于图像、版印插图资料,结合相关文献资料,运用图像学研究方法,对第司·桑杰嘉措主持绘制的《四部医典·蓝琉璃》曼唐与占布拉道尔吉所著《美丽目饰》的版印插图进行深入对比,旨在揭示两者在不同媒介与表现形式下所呈现的文化交流与融合,为中国少数民族古籍文献版印插图与图像研究提供新的视角和参考思路,进一步推动藏医药学及相关文化艺术的传承与发展。Tibetan medicine is an important part of Chinese medicine.Especially in the field of traditional Tibetan medicine teaching,it has a complete theoretical framework,unique teaching models and methods.Among them,the 80 sMan-thang of Tibetan medicine,as important teaching aids for imparting the great Tibetan medicine work The Four Medical Tantras,are renowned for their traditional,vivid and intuitive nature.The term"sMan-thang"in Tibetan means"medical wall chart",which is a unique visual tool for spreading natural science knowledge of Tibetan medicine.In existing research,there are many discussions on the cultural and artistic values of sMan-thang,but its academic value should not be overlooked.sMan-thang has a wide range of dissemination and has had a profound impact on the woodblock-printed illustrations of Tibetan medical scriptures in the Mongolian region.The Beautiful Eye-ornament is one of the typical examples of its influence.Based on image and woodblock-printed illustration materials,combined with relevant literature,and using the method of iconography,this article deeply compares the sMan-thang of The Four Medical Tantras:Blue Vaidurya painted under the auspices of sDe-srid Sangs-rgyas rGya-mtsho with the woodblock-printed illustrations in The Beautiful Eye-ornament written by vJam-dpal rDo-rje.The aim is to reveal the cultural exchanges and integrations presented by the two under different media and forms of expression,provide a new perspective and reference ideas for the study of woodblock-printed illustrations and images of ancient books and documents of Chinese ethnic minorities,and further promote the inheritance and development of Tibetan medicine and related culture and art.

关 键 词：藏医药学 医学理论 曼唐 《美丽目饰》 版印插图 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]