2378例急诊死亡病例患者疾病构成及帕累托图分析  

Disease Composition and Pareto Chart Analysis of 2,378 Emergency Department Deaths

作　　者：吕运秀 孟海英[2] Lv Yunxiu;Meng Haiying(Civil Aviation General Hospital Chaoyang District,Beijing 100123,China)

机构地区：[1]民航总医院,北京市100123 [2]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心监测信息科,北京市100021

出　　处：《中国病案》2025年第1期65-68,共4页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的 分析某院急诊死亡患者死因疾病谱顺位和死因疾病构成情况,为合理安排急诊卫生资源及制定预防措施提供依据。方法 回顾性分析某院2014年3月12日-2022年12月31日急诊2378例电子死亡登记信息,按照ICD-10第二卷21类疾病分类标准对根本死亡原因进行疾病分类,采用Excel 2000绘制帕累托图。结果 共收集2378例急诊死亡患者信息,男女比例约为1.65:1,65岁以上老人死亡占同期急诊总死亡数的69.01%;按21类疾病分类对死亡人员根本死因进行分类排序,前3位依次为循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病,属于ABC分析图法的A类因素,是主要因素,占所有急诊疾病的75.69%,其中循环系统疾病占总体的52.14%;不同年龄组、不同性别根本死亡原因不同,14岁以下人群主要以先天性畸形、变形及染色体异常为主,15岁~64岁组以循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、损伤中毒为主,65岁及以上老人以循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病为主,除肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病外各死因男性死亡数均高于女性。结论 根据急诊死亡患者的根本死因疾病构成和帕累托分析结果,应提高循环系统疾病、恶性肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病的诊疗水平,加强急诊资源配置,降低病死率。加大慢性病管理,针对老年疾病的特点做好防治及管理工作,中青年男性人群消化系统、循环系统疾病亦不容忽视。Objectives This study aims to analyze the order of the disease spectrum and the composition of the causes of death of patients in the emergency department of a certain hospital, providing a basis for the rational arrangement of emergency health resources and the formulation of preventive measures. Methods Electronic death registration information of 2,378 emergency department patients in a certain hospital from March 12, 2014 to December 31, 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. The underlying causes of death were classified according to the 21disease classification standards in Volume II of ICD-10, and the Pareto chart was drawn using Excel 2000. Results A total of 2,378 emergency deaths were collected, with a male-to-female ratio of about 1.65:1. The deaths of elderly people over 65 years old accounted for 69.01% of the total number of emergency deaths during the same period. The underlying causes of deaths were categorized and sorted out according to the 21 categories of disease classifications, and the top three were circulatory diseases, malignant neoplasms, and respiratory diseases, which belonged to category A in the category of factors, and were the main factors, accounting for 75.69% of all emergency diseases. Circulatory system diseases accounted for 52.14% of the total. The underlying causes of death were different for different age groups and genders. For people under 14, the main causes were congenital malformations,deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities. For those aged 15 to 64, the main causes were circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, and injuries and poisoning. For those aged 65 and above, the main causes were circulatory system diseases, malignant tumors, and respiratory diseases. The number of deaths from all causes of death in men was higher than that in women, except for diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Conclusions According to the disease composition of the underlying causes of death of emergency patients and the results of Pareto analysis, the level o

关 键 词：病死率 根本死因 帕累托图 急诊21 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]