理解作品概念的三个维度:理论、规范与司法  

The Three Dimensions of Understanding the Concept of a Work:Theory,Norms and Juridical Practice

作　　者：曹博 Cao Bo

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学凯原法学院

出　　处：《知识产权》2025年第3期24-46,共23页Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“新型作品的法律确认与保护路径研究”(项目批准号:19CFX054)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对作品概念的理解与阐释可以从理论研究、法律规范和司法裁判三个维度展开。理论研究维度对作品概念的解析体现为事实描述与理念构建两种思路,最终通过思想/表达二分法的创设统一于对作品客观性的有限排除与主观性的事后构建。法律规范维度对作品概念的解读旨在实现将作品拆分为构成要件,从而降低法律解释的不确定性。司法裁判维度对作品概念的解释集中于独创性的实质性评判。不同维度下作品概念面临的共同问题是:如何沟通客观化的作品外观与主观性的创作过程。类型化的作品体系结构,能够在抽象概念与个别现象之间形成中间层面的作品形态,为构建作品独创性的具体评价标准提供方向。人工智能生成内容的作品属性等疑难问题,可以在作品类型化保护的规范体系中寻求答案。The understanding and interpretation of the concept of works can be approached from three dimensions:theoretical research,legal norms and judicial decisions.The analysis of the concept of works at the theoretical level embodies the two ideas of factual description and conceptual construction,which are ultimately unified in the limited exclusion of objectivity and ex post facto construction of subjectivity of works through the creation of the"idea/expression dichotomy".In the legal norms dimension,the interpretation of the concept of works aims to realize the breaking down of works into constituent elements,so as to reduce the uncertainty of legal interpretation.In the judicial adjudication dimension,the interpretation of the concept of works focuses on the substantive judgment of originality.The common problem facing the concept of works in various dimensions is how to bridge the objectivized appearance of works with the subjective process of creation.A structured system of works typology can form an intermediate level of the works form between abstract concepts and individual phenomena,which provides a direction for seeking specific criteria for determining the originality of works.Difficult questions such as the attribution of works to AI-generated content can still be answered in the normative system of typological protection of works.

关 键 词：作品 作者 著作权 独创性 人工智能生成内容 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]