“金额—自由刑”视角下贪污罪量刑问题实证研究——以1517份判决为样本  

An Empirical Study on the Sentencing of Embezzlement from the Perspective of“Amount of Money-Freedom Penalty”--Based on a Sample of 1517 Judgments

作　　者：崔会如 张钦瑞 Cui Huiru;Zhang Qinrui(Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学,天津300387

出　　处：《警学研究》2025年第1期27-43,共17页Police Science Research

摘　　要：在贪污罪的量刑活动中,自由刑是其核心的法律后果,金额是影响这一结果的核心要素,“金额—自由刑”关系是表征其量刑特征的重要指标。以1517份判决为样本,以“金额—自由刑”为视角,探究贪污罪量刑的实然样态。实证检验结果发现,司法实践中贪污罪量刑呈现出四种现象:“金额—自由刑”之间非线性相关现象;量刑离散程度随金额而提升现象;自由刑以6个月为基准的“滚雪球”现象;总体量刑偏轻现象。这四种现象中,非线性相关的存在具有合理性,而其他三种现象则一定程度上体现出罪刑关系的失衡,以及对于“从严”治贪刑事政策的偏离。基于此,应当采取以下四方面措施:一是细化贪污罪自由刑的量刑起点设置,避免罪刑阶梯的失序;二是落实“从严”治贪的刑事政策立场,纠正量刑偏轻现象;三是明确贪污罪特别宽宥制度的适用规则,消除其叠加效应;四是引入人工智能辅助量刑,为其规范化提供客观标尺。In the sentencing process for the crime of embezzlement,the deprivation of liberty stands as the central legal consequence,while the amount of money involved serves as the pivotal factor influencing this outcome.The relationship between“amount of money-freedom penalty”represents a significant indicator characterizing its sentencing features.Using a sample of 1517court judgments,this study investigates the actual sentencing patterns of embezzlement crimes from the perspective of“amount of money-term of imprisonment.”The results reveal four phenomena in judicial practice:a non-linear correlation between the amount of money involved and the term of imprisonment;an increase in the dispersion of sentencing severity as the amount of money increases;a“snowballing”effect where the term of imprisonment tends to increase in increments of 6 months;and an overall trend toward lenient sentencing.Among these phenomena,the existence of a non-linear correlation is reasonable,while the others,to some extent,reflect an imbalance in the relationship between crime and punishment,as well as a deviation from the criminal policy of“strict governance”of corruption.Based on this,the following four measures should be taken:First,refine the sentencing starting points for the term of imprisonment in embezzlement cases to avoid disorder in the sentencing ladder.Second,implement the criminal policy stance of“strict governance”of corruption to correct the trend of lenient sentencing.Third,clarify the application rules for special leniency systems in embezzlement cases to eliminate their compounding effects.Fourth,introduce artificial intelligence-assisted sentencing to provide an objective benchmark for standardization.

关 键 词：贪污罪 “金额—自由刑”视角 实证研究 罪刑均衡 宽严相济刑事政策 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]