儿童下呼吸道感染的病原体分布及胸部影像学特点分析  

Analysis of Pathogen Distribution and Chest Imaging Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Children

作　　者：何兵 王君君 张迪 范艳娇 吕承秀 HE Bing;WANG Junjun;ZHANG Di;FAN Yanjiao;LYU Chengxiu(Department of Imaging,Zibo First Hospital,Zibo 255200,Shandong,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Zibo First Hospital,Zibo 255200,Shandong,China;Zibo Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology of Laboratory Medicine,Zibo 255200,Shandong,China;Department of Pediatrics,Zibo First Hospital,Zibo 255200,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市第一医院影像科,山东淄博255200 [2]淄博市第一医院检验科,山东淄博255200 [3]淄博市分子免疫检验医学重点实验室,山东淄博255200 [4]淄博市第一医院儿科,山东淄博255200

出　　处：《医学信息》2025年第7期87-91,共5页Journal of Medical Information

基　　金：山东省潍坊医学院附属医院科技发展项目(编号:2023FYM062)。

摘　　要：目的分析淄博市某三甲医院的儿童下呼吸道感染(LRTI)的病原体分布及病原体感染患儿的影像学特点,为本地区儿童LRTI的诊断和治疗提供依据。方法选取2021年12月-2023年12月淄博市第一医院住院的215例LRTI患儿的病原体核酸检测结果和胸部影像学结果进行回顾性分析。结果215例LRTI患儿中病原体以肺炎支原体感染为主;胸部CT影像学以单侧肺叶病变、斑片状高密度影、纵隔和肺门淋巴结肿大为主;肺炎支原体感染组和肺炎支原体混合感染组病灶分布中单侧肺叶病变比例高于其它病原体感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺炎支原体感染组和肺炎支原体混合感染组影像学表现中大片实变影比例高于其它病原体感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺炎支原体感染组和肺炎支原体混合感染组纵隔、肺门淋巴结肿大和胸腔积液比例高于其它病原体感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本地区儿童LRTI以肺炎支原体为主,肺炎支原体感染与其它病原体感染胸部CT影像学特点比较,单侧肺叶病变、大片实变影和肺外受累更常见。Objective To analyze the pathogen distribution and imaging characteristics of children with lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in a tertiary hospital in Zibo City,and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of LRTI in children in this region.Methods The pathogen nucleic acid test results and chest imaging results of 215 children with LRTI hospitalized in Zibo First Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was the main pathogen in 215 children with LRTI.Chest CT imaging showed unilateral pulmonary lobe lesions,patchy high-density shadows,mediastinal and hilar lymph node enlargement.The proportion of unilateral pulmonary lobe lesions in the lesion distribution of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group and Mycoplasma pneumoniae mixed infection group was higher than that of other pathogen infection group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of large solid shadows in the imaging findings of the mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group and the mycoplasma pneumoniae mixed infection group was higher than that of the other pathogen infection group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection group and Mycoplasma pneumoniae mixed infection group was higher than that in other pathogen infection groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the main pathogen of LRTI in children in this region.Compared with chest CT imaging characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and other pathogen infection,unilateral pulmonary lobe lesions,large consolidation and extrapulmonary involvement are more common.

关 键 词：儿童 下呼吸道感染 病原体 胸部影像学 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]