美国印太海洋联盟的建构及其地缘影响  

The Construction of the US Indo-Pacific Maritime Alliance and Its Geopolitical Im-pact

作　　者：韩爱勇 HAN Aiyong(Institute of International Strategy Study,National Acade-my of Governance,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)国际战略研究院

出　　处：《东南亚研究》2025年第2期94-117,156,157,共26页Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：中共中央党校(国家行政学院)校级课题“中国周边环境新态势与构建周边命运共同体研究”(2024YB022)。

摘　　要：彰显自由、民主等西方价值观念,确保全球海洋优势地位,始终是西方国家海洋联盟经久不变的主题,美国构建印太海洋联盟也遵从这一逻辑。美国构建印太海洋联盟,源自其对印太地区海上环境认知的两大变化:海上威胁来源由恐怖主义转变为地区大国,印度洋的地位由战略边缘转向战略中心。美国的印太海洋联盟除了展现海洋性特征之外,还表现为一种价值观联盟,意在通过价值观叙事,防止中国在印太地区扩展所谓“非自由主义势力范围”,进而威胁到美国的海洋优势地位。在战略调整上,美国的举措可以概括为“整合、强化和融合”,突出印度洋的战略地位,强化美国的力量存在,这使得美国传统的“两洋战略”越来越具有“三洋战略”的特征。美国印太海洋联盟的构建,使得在地区结构上正形成陆海对立和价值观对立的双重二元格局,这不仅限定了中国合理的海洋利益诉求、丑化了中国的海洋形象,也提高了中美竞争在部分领域走向新冷战的可能。中国可以采取重构海洋国家的西方叙事、坚持多边主义的开放理念、发展富有弹性的中日关系等战略加以应对。The enduring theme of Western maritime alliances has consistently revolved a-round promoting values such as freedom and democracy while maintaining global maritime dominance.The logic that underpins the United Statesconstruction of the Indo-Pacific mari-time alliance stems from two pivotal shifts in its perception of the maritime environment in the Indo-Pacific region:the source of maritime threats shifting from terrorism to regional powers,and the strategic elevation of the Indian Ocean from a strategic periphery to a strate-gic center.Beyond its maritime characteristics,the Indo-Pacific maritime alliance manifests as a value-oriented alliance,employing value narratives to counter what it perceives as Chinas ex-pansion of a“non-liberal sphere of influence”in the region,which challenges American mar-itime dominance.Strategically,the adjustments of the United States can be summarized as“integration,reinforcement and convergence”,highlighting the strategic position of the Indi-an Ocean and strengthening the presence of American power.This evolution has also made the traditional“Two-Ocean Strategy”of the United States increasingly characterized by a“Tri-Ocean Strategy”.The construction of this alliance has fostered a dual binary structure in regional geopolitics:A continental-maritime dichotomy juxtaposed with ideological polariza-tion.This structural transformation not only constrains Chinas legitimate maritime interests and distorts its maritime image but also elevates the possibility of Sino-U.S.strategic competi-tion veering toward a neo-Cold War in partial domains.To address these challenges,China could adopt multidimensional strategies,which involve reconstructing the western narrative surrounding maritime states,maintaining commitment to open multilateral engagement,and cultivating resilient Sino-Japan relations.

关 键 词：印太海洋联盟 海洋国家 地缘影响 印太战略 中美竞争 

分 类 号：D871.22[政治法律—政治学]