2015-2022年菏泽市7524名苯作业工人外周血白细胞水平特征分析  

Analysis on peripheral blood leukocyte levels in 7524 benzeneexposed workers in Heze city from2015 to 2022

作　　者：陈仁强[1] 于婷 陈治羽 CHEN Ren-qiang;YU Ting;CHEN Zhi-yu(Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Division,Heze City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong274000,China;Clinical Medical College,Jining Medical University)

机构地区：[1]菏泽市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与辐射防护科,山东274000 [2]济宁医学院临床医学院

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2025年第1期67-71,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的分析比较7524名苯作业工人的白细胞水平,并探讨可能的影响因素,为落实国家职业病防治规划、制定苯危害防治策略提供参考。方法采用横断面调查方法,搜集中国疾病预防控制中心信息系统的子系统“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”中2015-2022年菏泽市苯作业工人职业健康检查数据。对相关信息核对,对多条体检数据者保留第一次体检数据,用Dixon方法剔除离群值,按不同性别、年龄、工龄、行业、工种进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析的方法,分析不同因素对苯作业工人外周血白细胞的影响。结果苯作业工人外周血白细胞计数均值为(6.04±1.51)×10^(9)/L,与中国成年人群比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=26.4368,P<0.001)。不同性别(Z=10.615,P<0.001)、年龄(F=7.111,P<0.001)、工龄(F=23.052,P<0.001)、行业(F=17.441,P<0.001)、工种(F=6.555,P<0.001)工人的白细胞计数比较差异有统计学意义。经多元线性回归分析结果显示,女性、年龄、工龄、其他电工器材加工、专用化学品制造、化验工、维修工和印刷工是白细胞结果异常的影响因素(F=16.304,P<0.05)。结论苯作业工人外周血白细胞计数在正常医学参考值范围内,但低于中国成年人群,可能与性别、年龄、工龄和不同企业行业、工种之间的差异有关。其中化验、维修、印刷、其他电工器材制造、专用化学产品制造等对白细胞计数的影响较大,女性对苯的敏感程度较男性高。Objective To analyze and compare the leukocyte levels of 7524benzene-exposed workers and explore potential influencing factors,so as to provide evidence for implementing national occupational disease prevention strategies and formulating benzene hazard control measures in Heze city.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using occupational health examination data from the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factor Monitoring Information System(a subsystem of the China CDC Information System)for benzene-exposed workers in Heze city from 2015to 2022.Duplicate records were removed by retaining the first examination entry,and outliers were excluded using Dixon method.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to assess the impact of gender,age,work duration,industry,and job type on peripheral blood leukocyte levels.Results The mean peripheral blood leukocyte count among benzene-exposed workers was 6.04±1.51×10^(9)/L,significantly lower than that of the general Chinese adult population(Z=26.4368,P<0.001).Univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in leukocyte counts across gender(Z=10.615,P<0.001),age groups(F=7.111,P<0.001),work duration(F=23.052,P<0.001),industry(F=17.441,P<0.001),and job type(F=6.555,P<0.001).Multiple linear regression identified female gender,age,work duration,electrical equipment processing,specialty chemical manufacturing,laboratory work,maintenance,and printing as significant risk factors for abnormal leukocyte levels(F=16.304,P<0.05).Conclusion Although the leukocyte counts of benzene-exposed workers fall within the normal medical reference range,they are lower than those of the general population.This disparity may be related to gender,age,work duration,industry,and job type.Occupations such as laboratory work,maintenance,printing,electrical equipment manufacturing,and specialty chemical production exhibit stronger associations with reduced leukocyte levels,with females exhibiting greater sensitivity to benzene exposure than males.

关 键 词：苯 外周血 白细胞 职业健康 职业病 苯作业人员 

分 类 号：R135.12[医药卫生—劳动卫生]