经济社会发展中的“对抗”“和谐”及其超越--马克思《巴师夏和凯里》解读  

Confrontation,Harmony and Their Transcendence in Economic and Social Development:An Interpretation of Marx’s Bastiat und Carey

作　　者：聂锦芳[1] Nie Jinfang(Department of Philosophy,Peking University,Beijing100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期37-50,共14页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“基于完整文献的马克思‘1857—1858年手稿’研究”(24AZD001)。

摘　　要：《巴师夏和凯里》是马克思著名的“1857—1858年手稿”的开篇之作。面对普遍性的经济社会危机,“后李嘉图”时代经济学的研究状况不能令人满意,体现其“最新进展”的成果“完全是模仿者的著作”。相形之下,巴师夏和凯里的理论体现出一定程度的反思性和独创性。当然,马克思对他们的具体的思路和基本主张也不认同。复杂的思想辨析表明:经济社会发展中的“对抗”与“和谐”是一种并存的状态和复杂的关系;现代国家的职能是一个涉及多个方面的系统结构,存在着统摄因素由政治向经济、由强权向协商转换的趋势;真正的思想和理论源于经济社会发展重大事件和问题的催生、艰辛的探索、痛苦地思考;既要立足于国家、民族立场,更要有历史意识和全球眼光。这些思考对于把握和理解当今全球化时代的现实仍具有重要的参考价值。Bastiat und Carey(《巴师夏和凯里》)is the initial part of Karl Marx’s famous Economic Manuscript of 1857-1858(《1857-1858年经济学手稿》).In face of a universal economic and social crisis,the research status of economics in the“Post-Ricardo”Era(“后李嘉图”时代)was unsatisfactory,and the achievements that embodied its“latest progress”were“completely imitative works”.In contrast,the theories of Frederic Bastiat and Henry Charles Carey demonstrate a certain degree of reflectiveness and originality.Of course,Marx did not agree with their specific ideas and basic propositions.The complex analysis of ideas shows that“confrontation”and“harmony”in economic and social development are a coexisting state and a complex relationship;The function of modern states is a systematic structure involving multiple aspects,and there is a trend of shifting the dominant factors from politics to economy and from power to consultation;The true ideas and theories stem from the induction and emergence of major events and issues in economic and social development,and also from arduous exploration,and painful thinking;We should not only base ourselves on the national and ethnic standpoints,but also have a historical sense and a global perspective.These reflections still have important reference value for grasping and understanding the reality of the present globalized epoch.

关 键 词：1857—1858年危机 国情 批判 和谐 超越 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]