Skyrmionic spin textures in nonparaxial light  

作　　者：Xinrui Lei Aiping Yang Xusheng Chen Luping Du Peng Shi Qiwen Zhan Xiaocong Yuan 

机构地区：[1]Shenzhen University,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration,Nanophotonics Research Center,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Technology,Shenzhen,China [2]University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering,Shanghai,China [3]Dongguan University of Technology,Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Sciences and School of Materials Science and Engineering,Dongguan,China [4]Research Centre for Frontier Fundamental Studies,Zhejiang Lab,Hangzhou,China

出　　处：《Advanced Photonics》2025年第1期85-92,共8页先进光子学(英文)

基　　金：supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030009);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62075139,12434012,92050202,and 12204309);the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(Grant Nos.RCJC20200714114435063 and JCYJ20220531103403008);the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.22YF1415200);the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2023A1515012670);the Innovation Team Project of Ordinary University of Guangdong Provincial Education Bureau(Grant No.2024KCXTD014);the Research Team Cultivation Program of Shenzhen University(Grant No.2023QNT012);the Shenzhen University 2035 Initiative(Grant No.2023B004)。

摘　　要：Topological textures in optics such as skyrmions and merons are increasingly studied for their potential functions in light–matter interactions,deep-subwavelength imaging,and nanometrology.However,they were previously generated either in strongly confined guided waves or in paraxial beams.This has posed a significant challenge in constructing skyrmions in nonparaxial propagating waves due to the lack of symmetry-breaking in the optical field and difficulty in characterizing the full three-dimensional spin textures at the nanoscale.We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate the generation of skyrmionic spin textures in nonparaxial light,where skyrmionic textures with a Bloch-type scheme,including isolated skyrmioniums,skyrmion,and meron lattices are generated in free space.We introduce the interplay between the Hertz potentials to break the dual symmetry of light and build well-defined domains of skyrmions.We experimentally realized the topological textures by applying a hybrid polarized optical vortex and observed the complete three-dimensional spin distributions by a dual-mode waveguide probe.By bridging the gap in the skyrmionic group,we present a topologic diagram,showing how spin–orbit coupling of light governs the spin topology.These findings offer new insights into optical quasiparticles and electron–photon correspondence,potentially facilitating advanced applications in optical metrology,sensing,and storage.

关 键 词：spin topology photonic skyrmion spin–orbit coupling of light 

分 类 号：O43[机械工程—光学工程]