含砾砂岩油藏微观渗流差异化定量表征及其在数值模拟中的应用  

Differentiated quantitative characterization of microscopic seepage characteristics in gravel-bearing sandstone reservoirs and its application to numerical simulation

作　　者：吴君达 常涛 汪跃 周军良 孙藏军 WU Junda;CHANG Tao;WANG Yue;ZHOU Junliang;SUN Cangjun(CNOOC China Limited,Tianjin Branch,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司,天津300459

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2025年第2期177-188,共12页China Offshore Oil and Gas

基　　金：中国海洋石油有限公司“十四五”重大科技项目“海上油田大幅度提高采收率关键技术(编号:KJGG2021-0501)”;中海石油(中国)有限公司重大项目“渤海中深层复杂油气藏高效开发技术(编号:CNOOC-KJ135 ZDXM36 TJ03TJ)”部分研究成果。

摘　　要：针对含砾砂岩储层岩性多样、强非均质特征明显、微观油水渗流规律复杂、常规数值模拟方法难以表征的问题,以渤海M油田东三段巨厚含砾砂岩储层为主要研究对象,在岩心试验资料的基础上,基于流动单元指数对不同岩性含砾砂岩的微观孔喉特征和渗流特征进行了系统研究与分析。结合油藏工程方法,在考虑渗流差异的基础上,通过对不同岩性储层的相渗曲线、启动压力梯度等关键渗流参数进行差异化表征,提出了含砾砂岩油藏的精细数值模拟技术。结果表明,差异化渗流表征技术能够较好地描述不同岩性、不同模态储层的渗流差异,产液剖面拟合精度均达到了91%以上。区别于常规砂岩油藏,强非均质巨厚含砾砂岩储层受孔喉差异的控制,不同岩性的储层水驱特征差异明显,层间矛盾更为突出,建议以岩性组合差异为开发策略制定的标准,对不同类型的层段进行精细注水开发策略的制定,做到“因井制宜,因层施策”,为油田后续的高效开发奠定基础。Gravel-bearing sandstone reservoirs have diverse lithology and pronounced heterogeneity,with the complexity of microscale oil-water seepage behavior challenging conventional numerical simulation methods.In response,this study focused on the gravel-bearing sandstone reservoirs with huge thickness in the Ed3 of Bohai M Oilfield,and based on core test data,systematically investigated and analyzed the microscopic porethroat characteristics and seepage properties of gravel-bearing sandstones of different lithologies by using the flow unit index.Combining reservoir engineering methods and considering seepage discrepancies,it proposed a refined numerical simulation technique for gravel-bearing sandstone reservoirs by differentially characterizing key seepage parameters such as relative permeability curves and initiation pressure gradients for reservoirs of different lithologies.Computational results demonstrate that differential seepage characterization techniques can effectively capture seepage differences among reservoirs of different lithologies and modes,with a fitting accuracy for fluid production profiles reaching over 91%.Unlike conventional sandstone reservoirs,strongly heterogeneous gravel-bearing sandstone reservoirs with huge thickness are controlled by pore-throat differences,exhibiting significant variations in water flooding characteristics among different lithologies,with more prominent interlayer contradictions.It is suggested to formulate development strategies based on lithology combination differences,aiming at finely tailored water injection strategies for different types of intervals,achieving a strategy of“tailored measures for different wells and layers”,and laying the groundwork for subsequent efficient development of the oilfield.

关 键 词：含砾砂岩油藏 微观渗流特征 流动单元指数 精细数值模拟 开采策略 

分 类 号：TE32[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]