耐温抗盐型清洁泡沫压裂液研究  

Study on temperature resistant and salt resistant clean foam fracturing fluid

作　　者：刘子铭 李晓倩 林柏华 李敏[1] 崔世杰 丁然 LIU Ziming;LI Xiaoqian;LIN Baihua;LI Min;CUI Shijie;DING Ran(Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering Technology,Shengli Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257000

出　　处：《世界石油工业》2025年第2期120-126,共7页World Petroleum Industry

基　　金：中国石油化工集团有限公司科技项目“准中P-T深层储层改造关键技术研究”(P22131)。

摘　　要：为了解决常规泡沫压裂液在高温高盐条件下稳定性较差的问题,采用碳链长度不同的甜菜碱型表面活性剂复配出一套无需破胶且不含不溶固相颗粒的耐温抗盐型泡沫压裂液体系。以发泡率和消泡半衰期作为评价指标,对常见的几种不同类型的起泡剂进行筛选,将其中具有最佳发泡率的月桂酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱(LHSB)与具有最优泡沫稳定性的芥酸酰胺丙基羟磺基甜菜碱(EHSB)进行不同比例复配并评价其泡沫性能。为进一步明晰其复配加和作用机理,利用液滴形状分析仪对其复配前后的界面性能进行测定。通过流变仪对清洁泡沫压裂液的耐温耐剪切性能进行表征,并测试其携砂性能和岩心渗透率伤害程度,以指导其现场应用。研究结果表明:在90℃、2 MPa、80753 mg/L矿化度条件下,LHSB与EHSB体积比为1∶1的发泡率为445%,消泡半衰期为72 min。复配后消泡半衰期的延长得益于复配体系的界面黏弹模量较LHSB单剂的明显升高,液膜的抗扰动性得到提升,宏观上表现出更优良的泡沫稳定性。流变仪测试结果表明:体系定频率剪切120 min后黏度约为100 mPa‧s,表现出较好的黏度保留率,并兼具优异的携砂性能和低岩心渗透率伤害的特征,能够满足低渗透油藏压裂液的使用要求。结论认为:复配甜菜碱制备的泡沫压裂液兼具优异耐温抗盐性能与良好清洁性,具备推广应用价值。To solve the problem of poor stability of conventional foam fracturing fluid under high temperature and high salt conditions,a set of temperature-resistant and salt-resistant foam fracturing fluid system that does not require gel breaking and does not contain insoluble solid particles was formulated using betaine-type surfactants with different carbon chain lengths.This paper first uses foaming rate and defoaming half-life as evaluation indicators to screen several common types of foaming agents,then mixes laurylaminopropyl hydroxysulfobetaine(LHSB)with the best foaming rate and akutanamide propyl hydroxysulfobetaine(EHSB)with the best foam stability in different proportions to evaluate their foam performance.To further clarify the mechanism of their combined action,a droplet shape analyzer is used to measure their interfacial properties before and after mixing.At the same time,through rheometer testing for clean foam fracturing fluid's resistance to temperature and shear performance,its sand carrying capacity and core permeability damage degree are tested to guide its field application.The results show that under conditions of 90℃,2 MPa,80753 mg/L mineralization degree,the foaming rate of VLHSB:VEHSB=1:1 system is 445%,and defoaming half-life is 72 min.The extension of defoaming half-life after mixing benefits from higher interface viscoelastic modulus than single agent LHSB which improves liquid film's disturbance resistance,and shows better macroscopic foam stability.Rheometer test results show that viscosity remains around 100 mPa·s after shearing at constant frequency for 120 min,demonstrating good viscosity retention.It also has excellent sand carrying capacity features low core permeability damage can meet requirements for use in low-permeability oil reservoir fracturing fluids.In conclusion,compound betaine-based foam fracturing fluid exhibits excellent temperature/salt resistance and cleanliness,with great application potential.

关 键 词：泡沫压裂液 泡沫稳定性 清洁压裂液 甜菜碱 耐温耐盐 

分 类 号：TE357.3[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]