腰果酚应用于驱油及原油破乳领域的研究进展  

Research progress of the cardanol in the enhanced oil recovery and crude oil demulsification

作　　者：王婉馨 于晶晶 宋心蕊 迟嘉璐 李洪瑶 黄金 WANG Wanxin;YU Jingjing;SONG Xinrui;CHI Jialu;LI Hongyao;HUANG Jin(Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Oilfield Applied Chemistry and Technology,Daqing Normal University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163712,China;Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Chemical Technology,College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]大庆师范学院黑龙江省油田应用化学与技术重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《世界石油工业》2025年第2期127-136,共10页World Petroleum Industry

基　　金：黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“生物质腰果酚基聚碳酸酯界面调控能力构效关系研究”(202310235A045)。

摘　　要：为了探索可再生资源腰果酚在油田化学领域的潜在应用价值,拓宽油田化学剂的设计思路并顺应绿色化学发展趋势,聚焦于腰果酚及其衍生物在驱油用表面活性剂和破乳剂方面的研究。采用蒸馏、色谱分离或柱层析分离等技术从腰果壳液中提取出腰果酚这一生物质酚类化合物。通过利用酚羟基自身的反应活性及其对苯环反应活性的影响,合成了阴离子、非离子、甜菜碱型两性及阴-非离子等系列表面活性剂;应用酚羟基的反应活性,使其直接或间接与环氧乙烷、环氧丙烷、碳酸乙烯酯或碳酸丙烯酯反应,使用甲醛、胺类作为连接剂聚合腰果酚分子,从而获得不同结构的破乳剂。研究结果表明,所合成的表面活性剂能有效降低油水界面张力、显著提高乳化性能,进而对提高原油采收率起到积极作用;所制备的破乳剂在增加相对分子质量和分子支化度后展现出良好的破乳效果。结论认为,腰果酚及其衍生物在驱油和原油破乳领域具备一定的应用前景,不仅为油田化学剂的设计提供了新的思路,而且高度契合绿色化学的发展方向。未来仍需致力于优化腰果酚衍生物的合成工艺,降低成本,以进一步挖掘其在油田化学中的潜力,满足石油工业对高效、环保产品的需求。In order to explore the potential application value of renewable resource cashew nut phenol in the field of oilfield chemistry,broaden the design ideas of oilfield chemicals and conform to the development trend of green chemistry,this study focuses on the research of cashew nut phenol and its derivatives in surfactants for oil displacement and demulsifiers.Biomass phenolic compound cashew nut phenol was extracted from cashew nut shell liquid by technologies such as distillation,chromatographic separation or column chromatography.By utilizing the reaction activity of phenolic hydroxyl group itself and its influence on the reaction activity of benzene ring,a series of surfactants such as anionic,non-ionic,betaine-type amphoteric and anionic-non-ionic surfactants were synthesized.Meanwhile,by applying the reaction activity of phenolic hydroxyl group,it was directly or indirectly reacted with ethylene oxide,propylene oxide,ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate,and formaldehyde and amines were used as linkers to polymerize cashew nut phenol molecules,thus obtaining demulsifiers with different structures.The research results show that these synthesized surfactants can effectively reduce the oil-water interfacial tension,significantly improve the emulsification performance,and thus play a positive role in improving the crude oil recovery rate.The prepared demulsifiers show good demulsification effect after increasing the relative molecular mass and molecular branching degree.It is concluded that cashew nut phenol and its derivatives have certain application prospects in the fields of oil displacement and crude oil demulsification.They not only provide new ideas for the design of oilfield chemicals,but also highly conform to the development direction of green chemistry.However,in the future,efforts should still be made to optimize the synthesis process of cashew nut phenol derivatives,reduce costs,and further explore their potential in oilfield chemistry to meet the needs of the petroleum industry for efficient and e

关 键 词：腰果酚 表面活性剂 破乳剂 提高采收率 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]