浸渍辅助蒸汽提取对芳樟叶精油成分及活性的影响  

Influence of Dipping Pretreatment Assisted Steam Distillation for Essential Oils Extraction From Linalool Chemotype of Camphora officinarum on Constructions and Activities

作　　者：杨海宽[1] 邱凤英[1] 章挺[1] 温世钫 YANG Haikuan;QIU Fengying;ZHANG Ting;WEN Shifang(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Camphor Engineering and Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grass land Administration,Nanchang 330032,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院国家林业和草原樟树工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2025年第2期26-32,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JXTG[2023]01);江西省科学技术厅重大科技研发专项(20203ABC28W016);江西省林业局林业科技创新专项(创新专项[2022]6号)。

摘　　要：开发浸渍预处理(DP)辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取芳樟叶精油,并探讨了浸渍工艺条件及浸渍次数对精油成分组成、抗氧化性能和酪氨酸酶抑制活性的影响。芳樟叶精油的优化浸渍工艺是:浸渍料液比1∶10(g∶mL)、浸渍温度80℃、浸渍时间2 h,浸渍液过滤叶片后直接通过水蒸气蒸馏获得精油。对比了1~4次浸泡预处理后蒸馏得到的精油(DP-1~DP-4)和浸渍4次后芳樟叶直接蒸馏获得的精油(RM),以及传统水蒸气蒸馏精油(CE)中的主要成分,发现DP-1~DP-3中主成分芳樟醇含量均高于CE,而DP-4和RM则低于CE。CE和DP-1~DP-4的化学组成相似,主要是单萜(M)、含氧单萜(OM)、倍半萜(S)和含氧倍半萜(OS)这4类,但RM化学组成存在显著差异。抗氧化活性测试结果表明:RM抗氧化活性最高,对DPPH自由基的半数抑制质量浓度(IC_(50))值为(37.81±0.50) g/L。DP-2中芳樟醇含量最高,质量分数96.47%,并具有最优的酪氨酸酶抑制活性,IC_(50)值为(236.71±2.27) mg/L;双倒数法分析可知,DP-2精油的酪氨酸酶抑制类型为混合抑制。The essential oil of Camphora officinarum leaves was extracted by dipping pretreatment(DP)assisted steam distillation,and the effects of impregnation process conditions and impregnation times on the composition,antioxidant properties and tyrosinase inhibition activities were studied.The optimum impregnation process of C.officinarum essential oil was as follows:the ratio of impregnation material to liquid was 1∶10(g∶mL),the dipping temperature was 80℃,the dipping time was 2 h and the impregnation solution was filtered and directly obtained by steam distillation.The main components of essential oil(DP-1-DP-4)obtained by distillation after 1-4 times of soaking pretreatment,essential oil(RM)obtained by direct distillation of C.officinarum leaves after 4 times of impregnation and traditional steam distillation essential oil(CE)were compared.It was found that the content of linalool in DP-1-DP-3 was higher than that in CE,while DP-4 and RM were lower than that in CE.The chemical compositions of CE and DP-1-DP-4 were similar,mainly including monoterpenes(M),oxygenated monoterpenes(OM),sesquiterpenes(S)and oxygenated sesquiterpenes(OS).However,the chemical compositions of RM were significantly different.The results of the antioxidant activity showed that RM had the highest antioxidant activity,and the semi-inhibitory mass concentration(IC_(50))value for DPPH free radicals was(37.81±0.50)g/L.The content of linalool in DP-2 essential oil was the highest,with a mass fraction of 96.47%,and it had the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity,with an IC_(50) value of(236.71±2.27)mg/L.

关 键 词：浸渍辅助 芳樟 精油 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]