纤维素基导电弹性体的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Cellulose-based Conductive Elastomers

作　　者：齐稷 罗通 王春鹏[1,2] 储富祥 王基夫[1,2] QI Ji;LUO Tong;WANG Chunpeng;CHU Fuxiang;WANG Jifu(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF,Key Lab.of Biomass Energy and Material,Jiangsu Province,Key Lab.of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass,Nanjing 210042,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,林木生物质低碳高效利用国家工程研究中心,江苏南京210042 [2]南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2025年第2期70-76,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32371822)。

摘　　要：先通过丙烯酰氯(AC)与乙基纤维素(EC)进行酯化反应合成乙基纤维素基大分子单体(ECAC),然后以丙烯酸-2-羟基乙基酯(HEA)为单体,ECAC为交联剂,1-丁基-3-甲基氯化咪唑鎓为导电填料和2-羟基-2-甲基苯丙酮为光引发剂,通过光固化本体聚合,制备了一种无液体、可用于应变传感的纤维素基导电弹性体,并采用红外光谱(FT-IR)分析仪、核磁共振氢谱(~1H NMR)仪、差示扫描量热(DSC)分析仪、热失重(TG)分析仪和万能试验机等对产物进行表征。FT-IR和~1H NMR分析表明ECAC已成功合成,DSC与TG分析表明ECAC提高了纤维素基导电弹性体的热稳定性,ECAC添加量10%的导电弹性体比未添加的玻璃化温度高5.19℃,比ECAC添加量2%的导电弹性体损失5%和50%质量所对应的温度分别高20.2和12.7℃。当ECAC添加量为8%时,导电弹性体的力学性能最佳,其断裂伸长率和抗张强度分别达到698%和1.91 MPa。当导电弹性体作为传感器时,ECAC添加量的提升会降低其灵敏度(G_F),从而降低其传感性能。控制ECAC的添加量可以调控导电弹性体的力学和传感性能,实现导电弹性体在不同场景下的应用。Firstly,ethyl cellulose-based macromolecular monomer(ECAC)was synthesized by esterification between acrylyl chloride(AC)and ethyl cellulose(EC).Then,a liquid-free cellulose-based conductive elastomer for strain sensing was prepared by photocuring bulk polymerization with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA)as monomer,ECAC as crosslinking agent,1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as conductive filler and 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone as photoinitator.The products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),1 H nuclear magnetic resonance(1 H NMR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetric(TG)analyzer and universal testing machine.FT-IR and 1 H NMR analysis showed that ECAC was successfully synthesized.DSC and TG analysis showed that ECAC improved the thermal stability of cellulose based conductive elastomers.The glass transtion temperature of the conductive elastomer with 10%ECAC was 5.19℃higher than that without ECAC,and 20.2 and 12.7℃higher than those of the conductive elastomer with 2%ECAC content at 5%and 50%weight loss,respectively.When the ECAC content was 8%,the mechanical properties of the conductive elastomer were the best,and its elongation at break and tensile strength reached 698%and 1.91 MPa,respectively.When the conductive elastomer was used as a sensor,the increase of ECAC content could reduce its gauge factor(G F),thus reducing its sensing performance.The mechanical and sensing properties of conductive elastomers could be regulated by controlling the content of ECAC,which could realize the application of conductive elastomers in different scenarios.

关 键 词：丙烯酸酯 本体聚合 改性纤维素 弹性体 传感器 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]