纤维素基高吸水材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Cellulose-based Superabsorbent Material

作　　者：任肖肖 王文亮 薛艳怡 张嘉怡 薛白亮 李新平 REN Xiaoxiao;WANG Wenliang;XUE Yanyi;ZHANG Jiayi;XUE Bailiang;LI Xinping(College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2025年第2期96-102,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(面上)(2024JC-YBMS-140);国家自然科学基金面上项目(22178209);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024NC-YBXM-259)。

摘　　要：以竹浆纤维(BPF)为原料,预处理后以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基-1-丙烷磺酸(AMPS)为亲水单体,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,采用反相悬浮聚合法制备纤维素基高吸水材料(MBPF-g-P(AA-AM-AMPS))。对高吸水材料的吸液性能、对不同盐溶液的吸收性、不同温度下的保水性能进行了探讨,并分析了其结构和形貌特征。研究结果表明:MBPF-g-P(AA-AM-AMPS)具有“海岛状”多孔结构,并且具有良好的保水性能,20℃下4 h时的保水率为93.7%。可循环性能较优,5次溶胀-干燥循环后的吸水率可达到初始吸水率的60.5%。在去离子水和生理盐水中的吸液率分别为1 187.7和89.4 g/g,在人工血液和人工尿液中的吸液率分别为75.1和96.7 g/g。此外,在不同价态阳离子盐溶液中的溶胀能力为NaCl>KCl>CaCl_(2)>BaCl_(2)>FeCl_(3)>AlCl_(3)。In order to prepare environmentally friendly superabsorbent material,the bamboo pulp fiber(BPF)was pretreated with the alkaline urine system.The acrylic acid(AA),acrylamide(AM)and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid(AMPS)were used as hydrophilic monomers,potassium persulfate was used as initiator and N'N-methylene-bis-acrylamide was used as the crosslinker to prepare.The cellulose based superabsorbent material(MBPF-g-P(AA-AM-AMPS))was prepared by inverse suspension polymerization.The composite performance including liquid absorbency,different saline solutions absorption as well as water retention rate at various temperatures were evaluated and the structure as well as morphology were characterized.The results showed that MBPF-g-P(AA-AM-AMPS)had an island-like porous structure,good water retention rate(the water retention rate at 20℃for 4 h was 93.7%)and recycling performance(after 5 swelling-drying cycles,the water absorbency could reach 60.5%of the initial water absorbency).The liquid absorbency of the MBPF-g-P(AA-AM-AMPS)in deionized water and 0.9%saline solution were 1187.7 and 89.4 g/g,respectively.And,the liquid absorbency in artificial urine and artificial blood were 75.05 and 96.74 g/g,respectively.Besides,the liquid absorbency in different cationic saline solutions were as follows:NaCl>KCl>CaCl_(2)>BaCl_(2)>FeCl_(3)>AlCl_(3).

关 键 词：竹浆纤维 反相悬浮聚合法 溶胀 吸液率 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TS79[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]