我国三大油料作物产能提升的源泉  

Source of China's three major oilseeds production capacity increases

作　　者：方振 刘鹏凌[2] FANG Zhen;LIU Peng-ling(College of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Rural Revitalization,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]安徽农业大学乡村振兴学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第2期243-259,共17页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目(19YJA790056)。

摘　　要：保障我国“油瓶子”安全,首要是提升油料作物产能。在近年来我国大力实施大豆和油料产能提升工程的背景下,本文聚焦大豆、油菜、花生三大油料作物,基于2001—2022年省级数据,利用增长核算分析框架揭示我国三大油料作物产能提升的源泉。研究发现:对于大豆和油菜籽而言,全要素生产率增长是其产能提升的最主要源泉,其贡献率分别达到73.94%和90.67%,拉动产能分别提升1.12%和1.03%;就花生而言,化肥是花生产能提升的最主要源泉,其贡献率达到62.14%,拉动产能提升0.45%。进一步分析发现:三大油料作物产能提升的源泉均存在较为明显的动态变迁特征;全要素生产率增长已成为三大油料作物产能提升的重中之重;土地和化肥对三大油料作物产能提升的贡献仍旧不可忽视。研究结果可为我国油料作物品种结构优化及油料作物产能持续提升提供重要参考。To ensure the safety of Chinese"vegetalbe oil bottle",the foremost is to increase oilseeds production capacity.Under the projects of China's vigorous implementation of soybean and oilseeds production capacity increase in recent years,this article focuses on 3 major oilseed crops of soybean,rape and peanut based on 2001-2022 provincial data.It uses the growth accounting analysis framework to reveal the sources of production capacity increase of China's 3 oilseed crops.Results shows that total factor productivity growth is the most important source of soybean and rapeseed productivity increase,whose contribution rate reaches 73.94% and 90.67% respectively,which driving the productivity increase of 1.12% and 1.03% respectively;for peanuts,fertilizer is the main source of increase,with contribution rate of 62.14%,which boosting production capacity by 0.45%.Further analysis reveals that there are obvious dynamic changes in the sources of productivity increase of the 3 major oilseed crops.Total factor productivity growth has become the top priority of productivity increase of the 3 major oilseeds crops.And,the contribution of land and fertilizer to the 3 major oilseeds production capacity increase cannot be ignored.The above results are expected to provide important reference for optimization of oilseeds crop variety structure and continuous increase of oilseed crop productivity in China.

关 键 词：油料产能提升 食用植物油自给率 油料安全 投入要素 全要素生产率增长 提升源泉 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] S-1[农业科学]