浙江红花油茶种质的油用价值评价研究  

Research on oil fruit evaluation of Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu Germplasm

作　　者：刘文静 潘冬梅[1,2] 彭升龙 于添[1,2] 魏振宇 张龙 舒常庆 汪建亚 黎曙光[3] 熊冬连[3] 褚玉杰 LIU Wen-jing;PAN Dong-mei;PENG Sheng-long;YU Tian;WEI Zhen-yu;ZHANG Long;SHU Chang-qing;WANG Jian-ya;LI Shu-guang;XIONG Dong-lian;CHU Yu-jie(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Forestry Science and Technology Extension Centre of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430079,China;Forestry Bureau of Shiyan City,Shiyan 442000)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]华中农业大学/湖北省林业信息工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [3]湖北省林业科技推广中心,湖北武汉430079 [4]湖北省十堰市林业局,十堰442000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第2期393-401,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2023]TG35);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2020]TG21)。

摘　　要：为浙江红花油茶(Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu)的良种选育及推广应用提供评价依据,筛选油用价值高的无性系,本文以湖北省林业科技推广中心油茶种质基地的10个浙江红花油茶无性系(编号H1~H10)为研究对象,测定分析成熟果实的13个性状,并利用主成分分析进行综合排序,对其油用价值进行评价研究,以便为优良无性系筛选提供科学依据。主要研究结果如下:H3的果实为红色,H5、H8为青红色,其余为红青色;果形指数0.84~1.06,H3、H8、H10的果实为桔形,其余为球形;鲜果横径44.05~54.65 mm,纵径38.21~53.56 mm,单果鲜重24.37~38.26 g。鲜果含水率41.64%~52.15%,鲜果出籽率35.91%~61.71%,干籽出仁率48.00%~63.94%,种仁含油率38.10%~51.00%,鲜果含油率5.02%~7.82%,不饱和脂肪酸含量87.51%~89.16%。提取特征值大于1的4个主成分,累计贡献率为86.222%,最终得到果实油用价值综合排序为:H8>H3>H4>H5>H9>H10>H1>H2>H7>H6。无性系H8、H3和H4综合表现最佳,可作为进一步无性系良种的候选种质。For breeding and popularization of Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu,and to screen the clones with high oil fruits,this paper investigated 10 clones of C.chekiangoleosa(numbered as H1-H10)planted in the oil tea germplasm base of Forestry Science and Technology Extension Centre of Hubei Province.The 13 traits of mature fruits were tested and analyzed,followed by comprehensive ranking using principal component analysis.Results included the following parts.Fruit color of H5 and H8 were cyan-red,H3 was red,and the rest were red-cyan.Fruit shape index was from 0.84 to 1.06,the fruit shape of H3,H8 and H10 were orange-shaped,the rest were spherical.Fresh fruit’s transverse diameter was from 44.05 to 54.65 mm,their longitudinal diameters were from 38.21 to 53.56 mm.Fresh weight of single fruit was from 24.37 to 38.26 g.Moisture content of fresh fruit was from 41.64% to 52.15%,with seed rate of fresh fruit from 35.91% to 61.71%,kernel rate of dry seed from 48.00% to 63.94%,dry kernel oil content from 38.10%to 51.00%,fresh fruit oil content from 5.02% to 7.82%,and unsaturated fatty acid content from 87.51% to 89.16%.Four principal components with eigenvalue more than 1 were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate was 86.222%.Comprehensive evaluation based on principal component analysis showed the rank of fruit oil value from high to low was:H8>H3>H4>H5>H9>H10>H1>H2>H7>H6.Clones H8,H3 and H4 showed the best overall performance and might be used as candidate germplasm for further breeding.

关 键 词：浙江红花油茶 种质资源 油用果实 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S565.9[农业科学—林学]