环渤海区域耐盐碱冬油菜品种全生育期鉴定筛选  

Identification and screening of saline-alkali tolerant winter Brassica rapa L.cultivars during whole growth stage in the Bohai Rim Region

作　　者：李积铭[1,2] 李爱国 李和平[1] 管明威[1] 武军艳 孙万仓[2] 翟兰菊[1] 马骊 郭安强[1] LI Ji-ming;LI Ai-guo;LI He-ping;GUAN Ming-wei;WU Jun-yan;SUN Wan-cang;ZHAI Lan-ju;MA Li;GUO An-qiang(Institute of Dry Farming,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Lab of Crop Drought Tolerance Research of Hebei Province,Hengshui 053500,China;Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所/河北省农作物抗旱研究重点实验室,河北衡水053000 [2]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第2期402-412,共11页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：河北农林科学院科技创新专项(2022KJCXZX-HZS-5);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2023030203);国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12)。

摘　　要：为推动冬油菜在环渤海滨海盐碱地的生产,选取20个强抗寒性白菜型冬油菜品种(系)材料,通过方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析方法分析全生育期9个性状的指标变化,鉴定甘蓝型油菜耐盐碱性,筛选耐盐碱指标。结果表明:盐碱胁迫显著影响冬油菜成苗率和越冬率;冬油菜相对产量与相对成苗率、相对根冠比、相对一次分枝数、相对角粒数、相对千粒重等性状均呈正相关,与相对越冬率、相对单株角果数呈显著正相关;盐碱胁迫明显抑制冬油菜的生长发育及产量形成,不同冬油菜品种(系)间在9个性状指标间均存在较大差异。聚类分析结果显示20个试验材料被划分为4个耐盐碱等级,高度耐盐碱(Ⅰ级)、较耐盐碱(Ⅱ级)、盐碱弱敏感(Ⅲ级)、盐碱高敏感(Ⅳ级)。通过对20个材料在成苗率、越冬率、农艺性状及经济性状等方面的综合评定,共计筛选出衡油6号、16RTS309轮选6、16QD-15轮选8、衡油8号、JR6与H614共6个适宜河北滨海盐碱地种植的白菜型冬油菜品种(系)。本研究表明,9个指标可作为冬油菜耐盐碱鉴定指标,即相对成苗率、相对越冬率、相对冬前根冠比、相对株高、相对一级分枝数、相对单株角果数、相对角粒数、相对千粒重和相对产量。To promote production of winter rapeseed in the coastal saline-alkali land around the Bohai Bay,salt tolerance of rapeseed was identified,and salt tolerance indicators were screened.Saline-alkali tolerant lines and saline-alkali tolerance indexes of 20 strong cold-resistant winter Brassica rapa L.materials were identified and screened by variance analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis on 9 traits during the whole growth period.Results revealed that saline-alkali stress significantly affected seedling rate and overwintering rate of the materials,significantly inhibited their growth and yield.Significant differences in various identification indicators were found among the materials.Under saline-alkali stress,their relative seed yield was positively related with traits as RSR(relative seedling rate),RRSR(relative root to shoot ratio),RNPB(relative number of primary branches),RNES(relative number of effective siliques per plant),and 1000-RSW(relative 1000-seed weight);and was significant positive related with RWSR(relative winter survival rate)and RSNP(relative seed number per silique).Clustering analysis results showed that 20 materials could be divided into 4 levels of saline-alkali resistance,including high salt alkali resistance(Level Ⅰ),relatively salt alkali resistance(Level Ⅱ),weak salt alkali sensitivity(Level Ⅲ),and high salt alkali sensitivity(Level Ⅳ).Through a comprehensive evaluation,6 cultivars and lines,including Hengyou 6,16RTS309 rotation 6,16QD-15 rotation 8,Hengyou 8,JR6 and H614,were indentified as suitable for coastal saline-alkali soil of Hebei Province,by evaluating traits of seedling rate,overwintering rate,agronomic and economic traits.In conclusion,it was suggested that 9 indexes could be taken on identification of saline-alkali tolerant for winter Brassica rapa,including RSR,RWSR,RRSR,RPH(relative plant height),RNPB,RNES,RSNP,1000-RSW and RSY(relative seed yield).

关 键 词：白菜型冬油菜 全生育期 环渤海区域 耐盐碱指标 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]