西藏斑岩成矿系统蚀变矿物的高光谱响应及找矿指示  

Hyperspectral response characteristics of altered minerals in the Tibetan porphyry metallogenic system and implications for mineral exploration

作　　者：郭娜[1,2,3] 卓烨鑫 周维瑞 唐楠[1] 李雪蕊 邓思源 GUO Na;ZHUO YeXin;ZHOU WeiRui;TANG Na;LI XueRui;DENG SiYuan(College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Sichuan Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;School of Engineering,Tibet University,Lhasa 850011,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球与行星科学学院,成都610059 [2]地质灾害防治与地质环境保护全国重点实验室(成都理工大学),成都610059 [3]数学地质四川省重点实验室(成都理工大学),成都610059 [4]西藏大学工学院,拉萨850011

出　　处：《岩石学报》2025年第5期1490-1508,共19页Acta Petrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42272345、U2444212);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905001);地调项目([2024]N2307-06)联合资助详细信息。

摘　　要：西藏斑岩成矿系统在不同构造阶段经历了复杂的岩浆活动与热液矿化过程, 形成了以冈底斯和班公湖-怒江成矿带为代表的矿床富集区。近年来, 基于高光谱技术的矿物精细识别与矿化作用光谱响应研究已成为揭示成矿机理和指导深部找矿的重要手段。本文基于短波红外(SWIR)和热红外(TIR)光谱技术, 系统研究了西藏典型斑岩矿床的蚀变矿物光谱特征及其找矿指示意义。研究表明: (1)高光谱技术能够高精度识别矿物的空间分布, 并揭示蚀变矿物的成因演化及其与成矿作用的耦合关系;(2)SWIR+TIR联合光谱分析可有效区分不同类型蚀变矿物, 提供矿化程度的量化评估参数;(3)矿物特征光谱在矿床类型判别及矿化带圈定方面具有重要指示作用, 可为建立高效的找矿预测模型提供科学依据。未来, 通过高光谱技术与地球物理、地球化学等方法的多学科融合研究, 可进一步提升复杂地质背景下的矿产勘查效率, 为战略性矿产资源的高效开发提供重要技术支撑。The porphyry metallogenic system of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone complex magmatic activity and hydrothermal mineralization across different tectonic stages, forming mineral deposit clusters represented by the Gangdese and Bangong Lake-Nujiang metallogenic belts. With the rapid advancement of hyperspectral technology, the fine-scale identification of minerals and the spectral response to mineralization processes have become crucial tools for understanding metallogenic mechanisms and guiding deep mineral exploration. This study systematically investigates the hyperspectral characteristics of altered minerals in typical Tibetan deposits using shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) spectroscopy. The findings indicate that: (1) Hyperspectral technology enables high-precision identification of mineral spatial distributions and reveals the genetic evolution of altered minerals and their coupling with metallogenic processes;(2) Combined SWIR-TIR spectral analysis effectively distinguishes different types of alteration minerals and provides quantitative assessments of mineralization intensity;(3) The spectral characteristics of minerals serve as important indicators for classifying deposit types and delineating mineralized zones, providing a scientific basis for the development of efficient mineral prospecting models. In the future, integrating hyperspectral technology with geophysical and electromagnetic exploration methods can further enhance mineral exploration efficiency in geologically complex regions, supporting the strategic development of mineral resources.

关 键 词：高光谱技术 西藏 斑岩成矿系统 蚀变矿物 找矿预测 

分 类 号：P628[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]